室内胸部爆震伤模型建立及早期病理生理改变

发布时间：2018-05-30 09:24

本文选题：室内爆炸 + 犬　；参考：《第四军医大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目的: 1、利用爆轰塔建立室内胸部爆震伤模型; 2、观测犬爆震伤后相关指标的变化情况; 3、分析胸部爆震伤后早期病理生理变化,为早期救治胸部爆震伤提供新思路及理论依据。方法: 1、健康成年杂种犬22只(第四军医大学动物实验中心提供),雌雄不拘,质量(12.71±0.81)kg,根据不同爆炸效应将所有动物随机分为4组:A组6只,炸药剂量30g,犬距离爆源1m,爆炸时胸骨处超压为73kPa;B组6只,炸药剂量80g,犬距离爆源1m,爆炸时胸骨处超压为145kPa;C组5只,炸药剂量80g,犬距离爆源0.8m,爆炸时胸骨处超压为284kPa;D组为无致伤对照组(5只)。 2、观测犬爆震伤前和爆震伤后1min,5min,10min,30min,1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h基本生命体征变化情况,监测犬致伤前,致伤后2min,1h,6h血气变化情况,测量犬肺含水量变化、肺总蛋白含量及肺组织谷胱甘肽含量变化情况,观测爆震伤后肺组织光镜下、电镜下形态学变化。结果: 1、A组全部存活,B组死亡率为33.3%,C组死亡率为80%。 2、A组受伤较轻,B组受伤程度明现高于A组和对照组,C组损伤过重,救治困难。 3、部分肺组织实变(肺泡及间质充满白细胞和红细胞)其余肺泡腔融合或代偿性扩张,呈气肿样改变,部分肺泡细胞脱落,毛细血管扩张严重;所有犬肺切片镜下未见明显粉红色肺水肿样改变。结论: 1、B组6小时内死亡率仅为33.3%,受伤程度严重,能够反映胸部爆震伤病情变化特点,较为稳定,适合作为室内胸部爆震伤动物模型。 2、爆震伤后犬早期最明显的症状为低氧血症和休克。 3、室内爆炸反射超压产生的附加效应有限,室内低氧和爆炸烟雾影响更大。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. The model of chest detonation injury was established by detonation tower. 2. Observe the changes of related indexes after explosive injury in dogs; 3. To analyze the early pathophysiological changes after chest blast injury, and to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for early treatment of chest blast injury. Methods: 1. Twenty-two healthy adult mongrel dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A, and group A, with 12. 71 卤0. 81 kg of weight, provided by animal experimental center of the fourth military Medical University. The explosive dose was 30g, the distance of the dog was 1m, the overpressure of sternum was 73kPaB, the explosive dose was 80g, the distance of canine was 1m, and the overpressure of sternum was 145kPa-C at the time of explosion. The explosive dose was 80 g, the distance between the dogs and the explosive source was 0.8 m, and the sternal overpressure of 284kPaD group was non-injuried control group (n = 5) at the time of explosion. 2. The changes of basic vital signs before and 1 min after blast injury were observed. The changes of basic vital signs were observed before and 1 min after blast injury. The changes of blood gas, lung water content, total protein content in lung and glutathione content in lung tissue were measured before and 2 min after injury. The morphologic changes of lung tissue after blast injury were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. Results: 1the mortality of group A and B was 33.3% and the mortality rate of group C was 80. 2the degree of injury in group A was significantly higher than that in group A and control group. (3) partial pulmonary tissue consolidation (alveolar and interstitial cells filled with white blood cells and red blood cells), other alveolar lumen fusion or compensatory dilatation, showing emphysematous changes, some alveolar cells shedding, capillary dilatation serious; No obvious pink pulmonary edema was observed in all canine lung sections. Conclusion: 1the mortality rate in group B was only 33.30.The degree of injury was serious, which could reflect the characteristics of chest blast injury and was stable. It was suitable for animal model of chest blast injury. 2. Hypoxemia and shock were the most obvious symptoms in dogs after explosive injury. 3. The additional effect of indoor explosion reflection overpressure is limited, and the effect of indoor hypoxia and explosion smoke is more serious.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R655;R-332

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