成人颊脂肪垫的解剖学观测

发布时间：2018-06-14 11:02

本文选题：颊脂肪垫 + 神经　；参考：《延边大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： [目的]对颊脂肪垫进行系统的研究。研究正常人的颊脂肪垫的解剖特点以及颊脂肪垫与周围组织的关系、神经、血管的走行长度及与颊脂肪垫的关系,为颊脂肪垫在美容整形、带蒂移植以及口腔修复等临床应用方面提供有效的实验和依据以及解剖学依据。 [方法]选取10例,即20侧经福尔马林固定的成人的尸头标本(均未经过乳胶灌注处理),逐层解剖,对颊脂肪垫以及其与神经、血管及周围组织的关系进行详细的描述和测量。 [结果](1)对颊脂肪垫颊突的大体分为三角型、细长型、椭圆型。其中三角型9侧,占总侧数的45%;细长型6侧,占总侧数的30%;椭圆型5侧,占总侧数的25%。 (2)颊脂肪垫的颊突长为23.90±1.31mm,底宽为18.69±1.90mm,厚为2.50±0.28mm。翼突的长度为11.19±1.41mm,底宽为14.75±2.03mm,厚度为1.96±0.34 mm; (3)颊突的最外端至眼的外眦、下颌角、鼻翼、口角及耳垂的距离分别是58.08±1.59mm、39.87±2.05mm、53.68±1.80mm、63.97±1.18mm、45.73±2.35mm。: (4)腮腺导管在颊脂肪垫颊突下方的共有4侧,占20%;腮腺导管在颊脂肪垫颊突上方的共有15侧,占75%。腮腺导管在颊脂肪垫颊突底下穿过的共有1侧,占5%。腮腺导管的宽经为:为3.75±0.23 mm。腮腺导管由起始处至颊脂肪垫的距离为31.14±1.36mm。腮腺导管由进入颊间隙始至同侧上颌第二磨牙牙冠相对粘膜的距离为:为21.13±1.00mm。 (5)对血管的测量:上牙槽后动脉为22.23±1.89mm。颊动脉为25.03±2.45mm。上颌动脉为15.25±0.72mm。未知动脉为22.22±3.70 mm。上颌静脉为15.12±0.73 mm。面静脉为27.29±1.43 mm。 (6)各血管的口径分别为:上牙槽后动脉为1.22±0.12 mm。颊动脉为0.74±0.10 mm。上颌动脉为1.90±0.19 mm。未知动脉为0.57±0.10 mm。上颌静脉为1.60±0.17 mm。面静脉为2.22±0.23 mm。 (7)对神经的测量:舌神经为10.81±1.05 mm。颊神经为21.92±1.50 mm。其口径:舌神经为2.12±0.15mm。颊神经为1.09±0.08mm。 (8)翼突的外侧边与下牙槽神经的夹角为20°～50°。 [结论](1)颊脂肪垫的颊突分为三种类型,即三角型45%、细长型30%及椭圆型25%。 (2)发现一条未知名动脉,其由上颌动脉分支,由翼腭窝发出,途经翼腭突向前上,整个贯穿于颊脂肪垫的颊突其出现率为75%(13侧)。其命名需要进一步的探讨和确定。 (3)翼突靠下颌骨的侧外侧边与下牙槽神经的夹角,其角度的范围在20°～50°。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the buccal fat pad systematically. To study the anatomical characteristics of buccal fat pad, the relationship between buccal fat pad and surrounding tissue, the length of nerve and blood vessel, and the relationship between buccal fat pad and buccal fat pad. The clinical application of pedicle transplantation and oral prosthesis provides effective experimental and anatomical basis. [methods] Ten cadaveric heads of 20 sides of adult fixed by formalin were selected. The buccal fat pad and its relationship with nerves, blood vessels and surrounding tissues were described and measured in detail. [results] the buccal process of buccal fat pad was divided into triangular type, slender type and elliptical type. The buccal process length, bottom width and thickness of buccal fat pad were 23.90 卤1.31 mm, 18.69 卤1.90 mm, 2.50 卤0.28 mm and 2.50 卤0.28 mm respectively in 9 sides of triangle type, 30 sides of total side in slender type, 5 sides in elliptical type, 23.90 卤1.31 mm in buccal fat pad, 18.69 卤1.90 mm in bottom width and 2.50 卤0.28 mm in thickness in buccal fat pad. The pterygoid process was 11.19 卤1.41mm in length, 14.75 卤2.03mm in width and 1.96 卤0.34mm in thickness. The distance between oral angle and ear lobe was 58.08 卤1.59mm ~ (39.87 卤2.05mm) ~ 53.68 卤1.80mm ~ (63.97 卤1.18mm) 45.73 卤2.35 mm 路: 4) the parotid duct had 4 sides below the buccal process of buccal fat pad, and 15 sides of parotid duct were above buccal fat pad, accounting for 75.The parotid duct had 15 sides above the buccal process of buccal fat pad, and the parotid duct had 15 sides above the buccal process of buccal fat pad. The parotid duct passed under the buccal fat pad in 1 side, accounting for 5%. The width of parotid duct was 3.75 卤0.23 mm. The distance from the beginning of parotid duct to buccal fat pad was 31.14 卤1.36 mm. The distance between the parotid duct entering the buccal space and the relative mucous membrane of the crown of the ipsilateral maxillary second molar was 21.13 卤1.00 mm 路m.05) the blood vessel was measured as follows: the posterior alveolar artery was 22.23 卤1.89mm. The buccal artery was 25.03 卤2.45mmm. The maxillary artery was 15.25 卤0.72 mm. The unknown artery was 22.22 卤3.70 mm. The maxillary vein was 15.12 卤0.73 mm. The diameter of each vessel was 1.22 卤0.12 mm. for the posterior alveolar artery. The buccal artery was 0.74 卤0.10 mm. The maxillary artery was 1.90 卤0.19 mm. The unknown artery was 0.57 卤0.10 mm. The maxillary vein was 1.60 卤0.17 mm. The facial vein was 2.22 卤0.23 mm 路m.7) the lingual nerve was 10.81 卤1.05 mm. The buccal nerve was 21.92 卤1.50 mm. The diameter of tongue nerve was 2.12 卤0.15 mm. The angle between the lateral side of the pterygoid process and the inferior alveolar nerve was 1.09 卤0.08mm. the angle between the lateral side of the pterygoid process and the inferior alveolar nerve was 20 掳and 50 掳. [conclusion] the buccal process of buccal fat pad can be divided into three types: triangular 45, slender 30% and elliptical 25.1) an unnamed artery was found, which branches from the maxillary artery, originates from the pterygopalatine fossa, and runs forward through the pterygopalatine process. The occurrences of the entire buccal process throughout the buccal fat pad were 75 and 13 sides. The nomenclature needs further discussion and determination. The angle between the lateral side of the pterygoid process and the inferior alveolar nerve is in the range of 20 掳to 50 掳.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R322

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