拇短展肌对拇指指间关节屈曲作用的解剖学研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 11:54

本文选题：拇对掌 + 拇短展肌　；参考：《暨南大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目的为进一步了解分析拇短展肌的功能解剖,从而帮助临床寻找解决胸小肌移植重建拇对掌功能术后出现拇指指间关节屈曲畸形而提供解剖学依据。方法通过15例新鲜未固定成人手部标本,对拇短展肌及拇指指间关节进行解剖及外力作用下运动角度测量,寻找拇指在对掌位功能后引起拇指指间关节屈曲畸形可能原因。在实验标本中,使拇指处于对掌位时,拇短展肌在未断及切断两种情况下,测量拇指指间关节在这两种情况下自然屈曲变化角度；同时,通过外力作用使拇指指间关节分别屈曲处于450及60°时,测量这两种情况下外力大小变化的情况,从而分析拇短展肌对该拇指指间关节屈伸功能的影响情况。结果拇指处于对掌位时,拇短展肌在未断及切断两种情况下,拇指指间关节自然屈曲角度分别为10°-170及22°-26°。同时,当拇指处于对掌位时,拇短展肌在未断及切断两种情况下,使拇指指间关节屈曲处于45°时,所用外力分别约0.4牛顿(N)－0.6牛顿(N)及0.1N－0.3N大小,而使拇指指间关节屈曲处于60°时,所用外力分别约1.3N-1.6N及1.ON-1.2N大小。对以上所得数据,分别求得其均数X、标准差S及X±S,并且分别进行配对t检验。结论根据测量及检验结果所得,拇短展肌对拇指指间关节主要起背伸活动作用,当拇短展肌断裂后,即所作用外力减少,拇指指间关节屈曲角度增大,因此胸小肌移植重建拇对掌功能时,应重建拇短展肌功能,才有可能纠正在拇对掌功能重建术后出现的拇指指间关节屈曲畸形。
[Abstract]:Objective to further analyze the functional anatomy of abductor pollicis brevis and to provide anatomic basis for solving the flexion deformity of interphalangeal joint of thumb after transplantation of pectoralis minor muscle for reconstruction of thumb metacarpal function. Methods 15 fresh unfixed adult hand specimens were dissected from abductor pollicis brevis muscle and interphalangeal joint of thumb and the angle of motion under the action of external force was measured to find out the possible causes of flexion deformity of interphalangeal joint caused by the function of thumb in the opposite metacarpal position. In the experimental specimens, when the thumb was placed in the opposite palm, the abductor pollicis brevis muscle was measured in both cases of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb and the natural flexion angle of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb under these two conditions; at the same time, When the flexion of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb was at 450 掳and 60 掳, the changes of the external force were measured, and the effect of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle on the flexion and extension function of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb was analyzed. Results the natural flexion angles of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb were 10 掳-170 and 22 掳-26 掳, respectively, when the thumb was in the opposite metacarpal position and the abductor pollicis brevis muscle was not broken or cut off. At the same time, when the thumb is in the opposite position, when the abductor pollicis brevis muscle is not broken or cut off, when the flexion of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb is at 45 掳, the external forces used are about 0.4 Newton (N) -0.6 Newton (N) and 0.1N-0.3N, respectively. When the flexion of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb is at 60 掳, the external forces used are about 1.3N-1.6N and 1.ON-1.2N, respectively. For the above data, the mean X, the standard deviation S and X 卤S are obtained, and the paired t test is carried out respectively. Conclusion according to the results of measurement and examination, the abductor pollicis brevis mainly acts on the interphalangeal joint of the thumb. When the abductor pollicis brevis muscle breaks, the external force decreases and the flexion angle of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb increases. In order to correct the flexion deformity of the interphalangeal joint of thumb after the reconstruction of thumb to palmar function, the abductor pollicis brevis function should be reconstructed when the pectoralis minor muscle transplantation is used to reconstruct the function of thumb opposite palm.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R322

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