某医科大学生自杀相关行为的心理、社会影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 23:35

本文选题：自杀意念 + 自杀未遂　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： [目的]了解大学生自杀相关行为的发生率,探讨大学生自杀相关行为发生的心理、社会影响因素。 [方法]选择某医科大学能随访到的5 716名在校大学生作为研究对象。用自制的大学生心理健康状况与相关生活经历调查表(包括自杀态度量表、自杀的可接受性量表、生活负性事件量表、家庭功能量表(APGAR)、生活质量量表、Beck焦虑量表(BAI)、冲动性量表(IMP)、攻击性量表(AGG)、Beck抑郁量表(BDI)、社会支持量表(SSS)等)对目标人群进行调查。 [结果]大学生自杀意念率为13.9%,自杀未遂的发生率为1.3%。大学女生自杀意念的发生率为17.3%(464/2 679),男生的自杀意念率为10.8%(328/3 037),女生明显高于男生,差异有显著性。大学生产生自杀意念的主要原因:工作学习问题(38.0%)、家庭纠纷(19.6%)、情绪低落(12.4%)和恋爱问题(10.1%);大学生自伤的主要方式为用工具(46.6%);自杀或自伤最主要的原因是:工作学习问题(26.3%)、家庭纠纷(25.0%)、恋爱问题(14.5%)、情绪低落(10.5%)及躯体疾病(10.5% );自杀未遂产生的前三位主要目的是:解脱痛苦(52.0%)、威胁他人(11.8% )、对现实的抗争(10.5% )。不同性别的大学生产生自杀意念的原因所占的比重不同,男生在恋爱问题、经济困难、饮酒问题上所占的比重高于女生;女生在家庭纠纷、与他人间的纠纷、工作和学习问题上所占的比重则高于男生。单因素分析结果表明,性别、专业、专业满意度、年级、恋爱现状、家庭经济状况等6项因素与自杀意念的产生有关(P0.05);自杀态度、自杀的可接受性、生活负性事件、家庭功能、生命质量、焦虑、抑郁等得分在有无自杀意念、自杀未遂的大学生中差异有显著性(P0.05);不同性别的大学生在对自杀的可接受性、负性生活事件、家庭功能、生命质量、焦虑、冲动性和攻击性、抑郁、社会支持各维度等得分在有无自杀意念的人中差异有显著性(P0.05)。多变量Logistic回归分析结果表明,自杀意念与性别为男、负性生活事件、年龄、自杀未遂和自杀死亡的相似性、自杀的可预防性、对自杀的歧视、对自杀者的正性态度、家庭功能差、自杀的可接受性、焦虑、抑郁、社会支持程度高、攻击性强等13项因素有关(P0.05);自杀未遂与专业满意度差、高年级、性别为男、负性生活事件、对自杀的歧视、家庭功能差、自杀的可接受性、焦虑、攻击性强等9项因素有关(P0.05)。不同年级、不同性别的大学生产生自杀意念的危险因素间的差异很大。 [结论]大学生自杀相关行为主要影响因素包括性别、年龄、负性生活事件、对自杀的可接受性、家庭功能、生活质量等。不同性别和年级的大学生自杀意念的影响因素差异较大,应采取有针对性的预防大学生自杀的干预措施才能有效地降低大学生自杀相关行为的发生率。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the incidence of suicide-related behaviors in college students and explore the psychological and social influencing factors of suicide-related behaviors. Methods: 5716 college students who were followed up in a medical university were selected as the subjects. The self-made questionnaire of college students' mental health status and related life experiences (including suicide attitude scale, suicide acceptability scale, life negative event scale) was used. Family function scale (APGAR), quality of Life scale (Bai), impulsive scale (IMP), aggression scale (AGG) Beck Depression scale (BDI), Social support scale (SSS) were investigated. [results] the rate of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide were 13.9% and 1.3% respectively. The incidence of suicidal ideation was 17.3% (464 / 2679) in college girls and 10.8% (328 / 3,037) in male students. The main causes of suicidal ideation in college students are: work-study problems (38.0%), family disputes (19.6%), depression (12.4%) and love problems (10.1%), the main ways of college students' self-injury are using tools (46.6%), and the main causes of suicide or self-injury are: work and study. Problems (26.3%), family disputes (25.0%), love problems (14.5%), depression (10.5%) and body diseases (10.5%), the first three main goals of attempted suicide were: relieving pain (52.0%), threatening others (11.8%), and fighting against reality (10.5%). College students of different genders account for different reasons for suicidal ideation. Male students account for a higher proportion in love problems, financial difficulties, drinking problems than girls, girls in family disputes, disputes with others, The proportion of work and study problems is higher than that of boys. Univariate analysis showed that six factors, such as gender, professional satisfaction, grade, current status of love, family economic status, were related to the emergence of suicidal ideation (P0.05), suicide attitude, acceptability of suicide, negative events of life, family function, etc. The scores of quality of life, anxiety and depression were significantly different among college students with or without suicidal ideation and attempted suicide (P0.05). The scores of impulsiveness and aggression, depression, social support were significantly different among people with or without suicidal ideation (P0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that suicide ideation was similar to sex, negative life events, age, suicide attempt and suicide death, suicide was preventable, discrimination against suicide, positive attitude towards suicide. Family dysfunction, acceptability of suicide, anxiety, depression, high degree of social support and aggression were related to 13 factors (P0.05); attempted suicide was associated with poor professional satisfaction, senior grade, male sex, negative life events, and discrimination against suicide. There were 9 factors related to poor family function, acceptability of suicide, anxiety and aggression (P0.05). The risk factors of suicidal ideation in different grades and different genders are very different. [conclusion] the main influencing factors of suicide-related behaviors of college students include gender, age, negative life events, acceptability of suicide, family function, quality of life and so on. The influencing factors of suicidal ideation are different among different genders and grade students. The intervention measures should be taken in order to effectively reduce the incidence of suicide-related behaviors of college students.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：B846

【引证文献】