生物医学领域研究前沿识别与趋势预测

发布时间：2018-07-07 18:39

本文选题：研究前沿 + 科学知识图谱　；参考：《中国人民解放军军事医学科学院》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：二十一世纪初期是生物医学发展的黄金时期，以基因组、蛋白质组、合成生物学为代表的等新领域、新技术的出现，推动了社会经济与科学研究的快速发展。识别生命医学的前沿，对其发展趋势进行预测对于医学情报研究和科技政策的制定都有着重要的实际意义。本研究总结了学科领域和研究前沿等相关概念，通过研究领域的结构和研究前沿的特性归纳了研究前沿的定义，提出准确识别研究前沿对于情报跟踪、科技创新、辅助决策、推动科学研究发展具有重要的意义。本研究还对识别研究前沿的方法进行了回顾和比较，将优化的方法体系应用到实证研究中，并总结了识别研究前沿的模式和研究前沿的发展模式。本文共分五章。第一章是有关研究前沿的基础理论研究。采用文献调研等定性方法，从研究前沿的相关概念、研究领域的结构关系、研究前沿的特性、识别研究前沿的意义等方面对中外科学学研究者对于研究前沿的相关研究进行了归纳总结。由于学科、领域的区分意义不大，，本研究将不再区分而统一视为研究领域。本研究倾向于将研究前沿定义为研究领域中为解决关键问题和突出矛盾的最新的的高质量研究。主要聚焦于研究前沿对研究领域结构的改变。第二章主要是前沿识别的方法探索。采用定性的方法，对研究前沿识别研究进行了归纳总结。识别研究前沿的方法主要分为定性方法和定量方法。其中着重探讨了定量方法。识别研究前沿的定量方法大致分为四类，以引用分析、共被引分析、文献耦合分析为代表的引文分析流派，以词频统计、共词分析的词汇分析流派，以作者合著网络分析、作者共被引为代表的科学共同体流派，以及新出现的科学知识图谱流派，对各种方法进行了比较分析。对科学知识图谱的常用工具进行了比较，并探讨了数据清洗的方法。第三章根据识别研究前沿策略制定的原则，提出了识别研究前沿的五种策略，并简要介绍了五种策略的适用条件。第四章探讨了研究前沿的发展趋势与预测，通过定性分析梳理了相关的预测方法，提出了研究前沿的几种发展模式，并分析了影响研究前沿发展的内部因素与外部因素。第五章是识别生物医学领域研究前沿与趋势预测的实证研究。采用文献计量与科学知识图谱等定量方法对神经性毒剂医学防护研究领域、合成生物学研究领域、军队健康管理相关领域进行了研究前沿的识别与趋势预测。第六章是结论部分。对本论文的研究结果与结论进行了简要的概括，并对研究中存在不足和局限性进行了讨论。
[Abstract]:The early 21 century was the golden period of biomedical development. The emergence of new technologies, such as genome, proteome and synthetic biology, promoted the rapid development of social economy and scientific research. It is of great practical significance to identify the frontier of life medicine and forecast its development trend for the research of medical information and the formulation of science and technology policy. In this study, the concepts of subject field and research frontier are summarized, the definition of research frontier is summarized through the structure of research field and the characteristics of research frontier, and the accurate identification of research frontier for information tracking, scientific and technological innovation, auxiliary decision making is put forward. It is of great significance to promote the development of scientific research. This study also reviews and compares the methods of identifying the research frontier, applies the optimized method system to the empirical research, and summarizes the pattern of identifying the research frontier and the development pattern of the research frontier. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is about the research frontier basic theory research. Using qualitative methods, such as literature research, from the research frontier related concepts, research field of structural relations, research frontier characteristics, The significance of identifying the research frontier is summarized in this paper. Since the division of disciplines and domains is of little significance, the present study regards the distinction as a research field. This study tends to define the frontier as the latest high-quality research in the field of research to solve key problems and highlight contradictions. It mainly focuses on the structural changes of the research field. The second chapter mainly is the frontier recognition method exploration. The qualitative method is used to summarize the research on frontier recognition. The methods of identifying the frontier of research mainly include qualitative method and quantitative method. The quantitative method is emphatically discussed. The quantitative methods of identifying the frontier of research are divided into four categories: citation analysis, cocitation analysis, literature coupling analysis, lexical analysis schools of word frequency statistics, co-word analysis, and coauthor network analysis. The scientific community schools and the new scientific knowledge map schools, which are cited as representatives by the authors, are compared and analyzed. The common tools of scientific knowledge map are compared and the method of data cleaning is discussed. In the third chapter, according to the principle of frontier strategy, five strategies are proposed, and the applicable conditions of the five strategies are briefly introduced. The fourth chapter discusses the development trend and prediction of the research frontier, combs the relevant prediction methods through qualitative analysis, puts forward several development models of the research frontier, and analyzes the internal and external factors that affect the research frontier development. Chapter 5 is an empirical study on identifying the frontier and trend prediction of biomedical research. By means of quantitative methods such as bibliometrics and scientific knowledge maps, the research frontiers of neurotoxic agents in the field of medical protection, synthetic biology and military health management were identified and their trends were predicted. Chapter six is the conclusion. The research results and conclusions of this paper are summarized briefly, and the shortcomings and limitations of the research are discussed.
【学位授予单位】：中国人民解放军军事医学科学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R318

【参考文献】