明胶与壳聚糖共混膜制备工艺及改性研究

发布时间：2019-03-09 16:06

【摘要】：壳聚糖是甲壳素脱乙酰基后的产物,因分子中含有大量的氨基等生物官能团,使得壳聚糖容易进行结构修饰和改性。另外壳聚糖成膜性能良好,壳聚糖膜具有许多独特的优点,例如无毒、生物相容性且无抗原性、抑菌性、生物可降解性、吸湿性等,因而在医用纺织品行业得到广泛的应用。但是目前全世界能够生产使用的壳聚糖少、价格昂贵,大大限制了壳聚糖纺织品的生产和广泛应用。明胶是胶原水解的产物,是一种水溶性天然蛋白质,具有一系列优异性能,如生物亲和性、可降解性、生物相容性等,广泛应用于生物材料。利用明胶和壳聚糖共混制膜的方法是降低原料成本改善壳聚糖膜性能的一条重要途径。 本文利用明胶对壳聚糖进行交联改性,利用流延法经氢氧化钠凝固浴对共混溶液进行凝固制膜。首先,通过单因素实验讨论了壳聚糖／明胶共混比、凝固浴浓度、凝固时间、凝固浴温度四个影响因素对壳聚糖-明胶共混膜物理机械性能的影响,并确定最佳单因素工艺参数。结果表明,最佳的共混比例为70/30、最佳凝固浴浓度为10%、最佳凝固时间为60s、最佳凝固浴温度为30℃。其次,由单因素工艺参数确定水平数设计正交实验方案,确定最佳的壳聚糖与明胶共混膜成型工艺条件。 对制备的一系列明胶改性壳聚糖膜进行力学性能研究发现,经明胶改性后,膜的断裂强度、断裂伸长在一定范围内有所改善。对改性前后壳聚糖膜进行红外表征,讨论改性膜内部分子间的相互作用。通过X-射线衍射分析,明胶改性前后壳聚糖膜的结晶性能下降。试验中通过SEM、FT-IR、XRD和DSC分析,显示壳聚糖和明胶具有良好的相容性。对改性前后壳聚糖膜进行溶胀性能测试和水溶性测试发现,改性壳聚糖膜的溶胀度随着明胶含量的增加先减小后增大；水溶性能则随着明胶含量的增加而增大。 为了改善明胶-壳聚糖共混膜的水溶性,采用单宁作为反应交联剂制备得到单宁-明胶-壳聚糖复合膜。通过SEM、FT-IR、XRD和DSC对复合膜进行结构表征,研究了复合物的结构以及复合物分子间的相互作用。对复合物进行物理机械性能测试、溶胀性能测试和水溶性能测试,结果表明在对共混膜物理机械性能影响不大的情况下,复合膜的水溶性有明显的降低。
[Abstract]:Chitosan is the product of chitin deacetylation. Because it contains a large number of amino groups, it is easy to modify and modify the structure of chitosan. Chitosan film has many unique advantages, such as non-toxicity, biocompatibility and no antigenicity, bacteriostatic, biodegradability, hygroscopicity and so on, so it has been widely used in medical textile industry. However, at present, chitosan can be produced and used all over the world, which greatly limits the production and wide application of chitosan textiles because of its low cost and high price. Gelatin is a product of collagen hydrolysis, is a water-soluble natural protein, has a series of excellent properties, such as bioaffinity, biocompatibility, and so on, widely used in biomaterials. It is an important way to reduce the raw material cost to improve the performance of chitosan film by blending gelatin and chitosan. In this paper, chitosan was crosslinked by gelatin and solidified in sodium hydroxide coagulation bath by flow casting method. Firstly, the effects of four factors, such as chitosan / gelatin blending ratio, coagulation bath concentration, solidification time and coagulation bath temperature, on the physical and mechanical properties of chitosan-gelatin blend film were discussed by single factor experiment. The optimum single factor process parameters were determined. The results showed that the optimum blending ratio was 70 渭 30, the optimum coagulation bath concentration was 10%, the optimal solidification time was 60 s, and the optimum coagulation bath temperature was 30 鈩，

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