膝内翻者步态的生物力学特征

发布时间：2018-05-06 08:10

本文选题：膝内翻者 + 步态　；参考：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的:膝内翻所带来的危害越来越受人们关注,但是对膝内翻者步态的研究却较少见。本文从膝内翻者步态的运动学特征以及动力学特征,系统探讨膝内翻者步态的生物力学特征,为膝内翻者的临床诊断提供量化数据,探究引起膝内翻者损伤的可能机制,并且为康复提供理论依据。研究方法:本研究选取有膝内翻的受试者13名,根据膝内翻受试者的年龄、身高、体重、训练项目、下肢形态学指标等特征匹配13名无膝内翻的健康受试者。运用Vicon-MX红外动作捕捉系统、kistler测力台、Zebris步态分析跑台FDM-TDS系统以及win-pod平衡及步态分析仪对膝内翻组和非膝内翻组进行步态参数的采集,并分析时相、跨步长、足偏角、关节角度、足-地接触力、足底压力等生物力学指标。对膝内翻组和非膝内翻组同侧下肢步态的生物力学参数的对比,采用独立样本t检验;对受试者本身的左、右下肢对比,采用配对t检验。研究结果:①受试者的左下肢和右下肢的各个步态指标的差异均无统计学意义;②膝内翻组与非膝内翻组的各个时相参数的差异无统计学意义;③膝内翻组的足偏角显著低于非膝内翻组(P0.05);两组之间的ki宽、步长和跨步长等指标的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);④在支撑期,两组之间的膝内翻最大角度的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);膝内翻角度最大时所对应的踝关节内外翻角度的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);其他指标均无统计学意义;⑤膝内翻组的足底内侧比值均大于非膝内翻组,且两组指标间的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);足底外侧比值均小于非膝内翻组,且两组指标间的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);动态测试下的左右变量明显大于非膝内翻组,且差异具有统计学意义;⑥膝内翻者在左右方向的力谷值/体重的数据具有显著性差异(P0.05),其他足地接触力参数两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。研究结论:①膝内翻者在支撑期的最大内翻角度显著增大,并伴有步态的足偏角减小,表明膝内翻改变了行走的正常步态;②膝内翻人群足底的内侧受力增大,外侧受力减小,足-地接触力在额状面向内的力值显著增大,表明膝内翻会改变步态的足地接触力;③膝内翻人群在膝关节最大内翻角度时,所对应的踝关节出现外翻,表明行走时足出现外翻作为代偿;④膝内翻人群行走时步态线的左右变量变化较大,会影响身体平衡。
[Abstract]:Objective: the harm caused by genu varus has been paid more and more attention, but the gait of genu varus is rare. Based on the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the genu varus gait, the biomechanical characteristics of the genu varus gait are systematically discussed in this paper, which can provide quantitative data for the clinical diagnosis of the genu varus and explore the possible mechanism of the genu varus injury. And to provide the theoretical basis for rehabilitation. Methods: thirteen subjects with genu varus were selected and 13 healthy subjects without varus were matched according to their age, height, weight, training items and morphological index of lower extremity. Gait analysis using Vicon-MX infrared motion capture system FDM-TDS system and win-pod balance and gait analyzer were used to collect gait parameters of genu varus group and non-genu varus group. The time phase, step length, foot angle and joint angle were analyzed. Foot-ground contact force, foot pressure and other biomechanical indicators. The biomechanical parameters of the ipsilateral lower limb gait in the genu varus group and the non-genu varus group were compared by independent sample t test, and the left and right lower extremities of the subjects were compared by paired t test. Results there was no significant difference in gait indexes between the left lower limb and the right lower extremity between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the time phase parameters between the genu varus group and the non-genu varus group. (3) the foot deflection angle in the genu varus group was significantly lower than that in the non-genu varus group (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the Ki width, step length and stride length between the two groups. The difference of the maximum angle of knee varus between the two groups was statistically significant (P 0.05), and that of the knee varus angle corresponding to the maximal angle of knee varus had statistical significance (P 0.05). (5) the medial plantar ratio in the genu varus group was higher than that in the non-genu varus group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P 0.05), and the lateral plantar ratio was lower than that in the non-genu varus group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P 0.05), and the left and right variables in the dynamic test were significantly larger than those in the non-genu varus group, and the difference was statistically significant. (6) there was significant difference in the data of the force valley value / body weight of the knee varus in the left and right directions (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the other two groups in the contact force between the two groups (P 0.05). Conclusion: the maximal varus angle of the genu varus group increased significantly during the support period, and the foot deflection angle of the gait decreased, indicating that the medial force on the plantar increased and the lateral force decreased in the genu varus group, which showed that the knee varus changed the walking normal gait. The value of the foot-ground contact force in the frontal face increased significantly, which indicated that the knee varus would change the gait contact force. 3. When the knee joint maximal varus angle of the knee joint, the corresponding ankle joint appeared valgus. The results showed that the valgus of the foot was the variable of the walking gait line of the compensatory 4 knee varus group, which would affect the balance of the body.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R687.3

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