保定市某医院住院患者营养状况调查和分析

发布时间：2018-05-14 01:12

本文选题：住院患者 + 营养调查　；参考：《河北医科大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:了解住院患者膳食营养素摄入情况,为存在营养风险病人的营养支持治疗提供科学依据。方法:对保定市某医院2013年160名住院患者进行一般情况和膳食调查。其中神经内科30人,心内科30人,消化内科30人,神经外科20人,血液科30人,肿瘤外科20人。排除禁食、应用肠内肠外营养支持的病人。调查内容包括:身高、体重和疾病情况;连续三天膳食摄入情况。计算每个调查对象每日能量和营养素的摄入量,及占建议摄入量的百分数。结果:1住院患者总体的BMI平均值在正常范围,脂肪供能比超标,碳水化合物供能比较低,钙、维生素A、维生素C和膳食纤维的摄入量严重不足。2神经内科和心内科胆固醇和钙摄入太少。神经内科和心内科摄入量超过130%的营养素是维生素E,低于70%的营养素有:钙、铁、镁、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2。3消化内科能量、蛋白质摄入不足。超过建议摄入量130%的营养素有:能量、蛋白质、膳食纤维、钙、镁、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C。结论:1住院患者总体营养状况一般,消化内科、肿瘤外科患者营养不良现象普遍存在,应及时进行营养风险筛查并有针对性地给予营养支持,以纠正营养不足等问题。2各科室能量和营养素摄入情况不同,膳食结构不合理。住院患者应食物多样化,避免饮食误区。3住院患者总能量和蛋白质应根据实际情况适当增加,注意控制脂肪摄入量,选择合适的食物补充蛋白质。钙、铁、镁、膳食纤维、维生素维生素A、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2等普遍摄入不足,应适当相应食物的摄入量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate dietary nutrient intake of inpatients and provide scientific basis for nutritional support therapy of patients with nutritional risk. Methods: 160 inpatients in a hospital in Baoding city in 2013 were investigated. There were 30 patients in neurology, 30 in cardiology, 30 in digestive medicine, 20 in neurosurgery, 30 in hematology and 20 in oncology. Exclude fasting and use parenteral nutrition support in patients. The survey included height, weight and disease, and dietary intake for three consecutive days. The daily energy and nutrient intake and the percentage of recommended intake were calculated. Results the average of total BMI of the hospitalized patients was in the normal range, fat energy supply ratio exceeded the standard, carbohydrate energy supply was relatively low, calcium, calcium, Vitamin A, vitamin C and dietary fiber intake are severely under.2 intake of cholesterol and calcium in neurology and cardiology is too low. More than 130% of the intake of neurology and cardiology is vitamin E, and less than 70% of the nutrients are: calcium, iron, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B 2.3, internal medicine energy, and inadequate intake of protein. Nutrients in excess of the recommended intake of 130% are: energy, protein, dietary fiber, calcium, magnesium, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C. Conclusion the nutritional status of the hospitalized patients is general, malnutrition is common in the patients of digestive department and tumor surgery, nutrition risk screening should be carried out in time and nutritional support should be given. The energy and nutrient intake of different departments were different, and the dietary structure was unreasonable. The inpatients should diversify their food, avoid the mistake of diet. 3 the total energy and protein should be increased according to the actual situation, the fat intake should be controlled, and the appropriate food should be selected to supplement protein. Calcium, iron, magnesium, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 are generally inadequate.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R197.32;R459.3

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