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148例肾移植患者围术期麻醉管理的回顾性分析

发布时间:2018-09-08 10:25
【摘要】:目的:对我院148例肾移植病人的麻醉记录资料回顾分析,总结分析静吸复合麻醉和静脉麻醉对肾移植手术患者的血流动力学变化、麻醉苏醒情况、及预后等多方面的资料,探讨麻醉对肾移植病人的影响及麻醉管理的要点。 麻醉方法:148例患者均选用喉罩全身麻醉,按麻醉方案不同分为静吸复合麻醉A组(81)例和静脉麻醉B组(67例),病人入室后常规行桡动脉穿刺,监测有创血压、心电、脉膊血氧饱和度,,麻醉后行右颈内静脉穿刺监测CVP。两组麻醉诱导均依次经静脉缓慢注射咪达唑仑0.03-0.04mg/kg,舒芬太尼0.3-0.4μg/kg,苯磺酸顺阿曲库铵0.15mg/kg,依托咪酯0.3-0.4mg/kg。Ⅰ组麻醉维持使用1%~2%七氟烷、丙泊酚4-8mg/kg·h和瑞芬太尼0.1-0.2μg/kg·min持续泵入。Ⅱ组麻醉维持使用丙泊酚丙泊酚6-10mg/kg·h和瑞芬太尼0.1-0.2μg/kg·min持续泵入。两组患者诱导成功后插入喉罩(supreme),行机械通气,设定氧流量2L/min,潮气量6-12ml/kg,呼吸频率10-14次/min,吸呼比I:E=1:2,,呼气末二氧化碳分压维持在28-45mmHg。I组手术结束前30min停止吸入七氟烷,手术结束前l0min停止泵入丙泊酚,手术结束前5min停止泵入瑞芬太尼;T组手术结束前l0min停止泵入丙泊酚,手术结束前5min停止泵入瑞芬太尼。待患者意识清醒,肌力恢复良好,呼吸平稳,Sp0295%时拔出喉罩,送监护室继续观察治疗。 观测指标: (1)血流动力学指标:监测记录患者麻醉前(T1)、肾血流开放前(T2)、肾血流开放后l0min (T3)、手术结束时(T4)的MAP、CVP、HR值; (2)围术期并发症情况 (3)苏醒时间; (4)预后情况。 结果:两组病人MAP在肾血流开放后10min(T3)比麻醉前(T1)、开放前(T2)降低(P0.05),但A组患者的MAP波动与B组患者相比明显较小。两组病人T3的CVP明显较T2下降(P0.05),且A组患者的MAP波动更小。两组患者T3的HR较T2无统计学差异(P0.05)。 结论:静吸复合麻醉在肾移植手术中较静脉麻醉更易在移植肾血流开放前后控制血压,减少苏醒时间,并且能减少静脉麻醉药物的用量,降低对肝、肾的影响。
[Abstract]:Objective: to retrospectively analyze the anesthetic records of 148 cases of renal transplantation in our hospital, and summarize and analyze the hemodynamic changes, anaesthesia recovery and prognosis of patients undergoing renal transplantation under combined intravenous anesthesia and intravenous anesthesia. To explore the effect of anesthesia on renal transplantation patients and the key points of anesthesia management. Methods: 148 patients were divided into group A (81 cases) and group B (67 cases) according to different anesthetic schemes. The patients underwent radial artery puncture after entering the room to monitor invasive blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG), the patients were divided into two groups: group A (n = 81) and group B (n = 67). Pulse oxygen saturation, right internal jugular vein puncture after anesthesia to monitor CVP. Midazolam 0.03-0.04 mg / kg, sufentanil 0.3-0.4 渭 g / kg, sulfentanil 0.15 mg / kg, etomidate 0.3-0.4 mg / kg respectively. Propofol 4-8mg/kg h and remifentanil 0.1-0.2 渭 g/kg min were continuously pumped in group 鈪

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