非特异性慢性腰痛症状水中康复方法设计的实证研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 10:57

【摘要】：本文的主要目的是通过慢性下腰痛水中康复训练的方法分析水中康复对慢性下腰痛症状康复的影响。针对慢性下腰痛人群研究并设计出相关符合慢性下腰痛人群康复动作特点的水中康复动作,对慢性下腰痛人群实施具有针对性的水中训练方案,并对水中健身动作进行分析研究以及评价,从而为慢性下腰痛人群提供具体、可行的的水中训练方案及相关康复措施。通过实验法、问卷调查法对慢性下腰痛水中康复训练的受试者进行每周2次的水中健身训练,实验前后各进行测试,以疼痛程度视觉模拟量尺(VAS)、0swestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、腰椎活动度测试等测试手段为测评依据,从而得出以下结论：1.慢性下腰痛人群采用水中康复的方式共进行为期21周的水中健身训练,为慢性下腰痛人群设计的动作有：水中顶髋、水中摆髋、、水中摆腿、水中摆臂弓步走、水中前、后、侧、横踢腿等。在实验过程中根据不同阶段增加训练负荷、强度与时间。2.通过实验前后的VAS疼痛评分测试,实验后休息时疼痛、活动时疼痛、夜间疼痛,三个阶段疼痛的评分都得到了改变,其中水中健身动作原地蹲起跳跃、水中悬挂收腿等动作能有效伸展腹背肌肉,消除肌肉紧张,从而使腰背肌疼痛得到缓解。与实验前相比测试评分均有所减少,尤其在活动时的疼痛得到显著减轻(P0.05)。3.水中康复训练对慢性下腰痛人群腰部功能障的缓解具有一定作用。其中水中前踢腿、后踢腿、横向摆腿动作可使慢性下腰痛患者机体的平衡能力和各部位的协调能力得到提升,从而有效改善腰部功能障碍。4.实验后,腰椎前屈与后伸关节活动度均得到了改变,与实验前相比关节活动度有显著增加,实验后关节活动度大于实验前(P0.05)。其中顶髋、摆髋、摆臂跨步走等动作的训练,一方面可以在水环境下更大范围的伸展躯干部的软组织,活动腰椎关节；另一方面可以通过水给运动的部位产生的阻力,进一步增强腰背肌肌肉力量、缓解腰背肌痉挛,矫正肌力的失衡。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of water rehabilitation on the rehabilitation of chronic low back pain. According to the research of chronic low back pain population, the related rehabilitation action in water was designed according with the characteristics of rehabilitation action of chronic low back pain population, and the specific water training program was carried out for the people with chronic low back pain. In order to provide specific and feasible underwater training plan and related rehabilitation measures for people with chronic low back pain, the author analyzed and evaluated the exercise in water. By means of experiment and questionnaire, the subjects of rehabilitation training in water for chronic low back pain were trained twice a week in water, and were tested before and after the experiment. Based on the pain degree visual analogue scale (VAS) / 0 swestry dysfunction index (ODI),) lumbar movement test and so on, the following conclusions are drawn: 1: 1. People with chronic low back pain were trained in water for 21 weeks by the way of rehabilitation in water. The actions designed for people with chronic low back pain were as follows: top hip in water, leg in water, bow in water, front, back and side in water. Cross kick, etc In the experiment process, according to different stages of training load, intensity and time. 2. Through the VAS pain score before and after the experiment, the scores of pain during rest, pain during activity, pain at night and pain in three stages were all changed. Suspension of legs in the water can effectively stretch the abdominal back muscles, eliminate muscle tension, and ease pain in the back of the psoas. Compared with before the test, the test scores were reduced, especially in the movement of pain was significantly reduced (P0.05). 3. The rehabilitation training in water has a certain effect on relieving the lumbar dysfunction in people with chronic low back pain. The body balance ability and coordination ability of the patients with chronic low back pain can be improved by the front kick, the back kick and the lateral leg swinging in the water, thus effectively improving the waist dysfunction. 4. After the experiment, the lumbar flexion and extension joint motion were all changed, compared with before the experiment, the joint motion was significantly increased, after the experiment, the joint motion was larger than that before the experiment (P0.05). On the one hand, the training of the top hip, the swing arm, and other movements can, on the one hand, extend the soft tissue of the trunk on a wider scale in the water environment and move the lumbar joints; on the other hand, it can give resistance to the parts of the movement through water. Further strengthen the muscle strength of the lumbar dorsal muscle, ease the spasm of the lumbar dorsal muscle, and correct the imbalance of muscle strength.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R681.5

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