不同支点下复位床托治疗胸腰段压缩性骨折的有限元分析

发布时间：2018-12-17 11:31

【摘要】：目的：利用逆向工程的医学图像三维可视化及医学有限元法,借助Mimics14.0软件,建立脊柱胸腰段(包括T11-L3)及相对应L1骨折的三维有限元模型,在模型进行有效性验证后对模型进行生物力学分析,探讨胸腰段椎体骨折的损伤机制并为复位床托治疗胸腰段椎体压缩性骨折提供理论依据。方法：选取成年健康男性志愿者一名作为受试对象,无胸、腰背部外伤史,无胸腰椎疾病史,X线检查排除骨骼异常情况,并签署知情同意书。对其脊柱胸腰段部分(主要为T11-L3)运用螺旋CT进行连续扫描,所得数据以DICOM3.0标准保存并刻录成光盘。将所得数据导入Mimics14.0软件中进行建模,产生三维实体模型。确定所建模型的单元类型,赋予材料属性,随后将所得三维有限元模型导入Ansys14.0有限元分析软件中,验证模型有效性后,在边界载荷束缚下对所建模型进行生物力学分析。结果:1.建立了包含椎体、椎间盘、周围韧带结构的T11-L3的三维有限元模型,共包括58815个节点,227774个单元。所建立模型几何外形逼真、视觉效果良好、网络划分方便且适合进行生物力学分析。2.本模型经验证后显示是有效的,对阐述L1椎体压缩性骨折的受伤机制具有重要意义,为复位床托治疗胸腰段椎体压缩性骨折提供充分的理论依据,有利于复位床托的临床推广。结论:1.所建立胸腰段(包括T11-L3)及胸腰段L1骨折的三维有限元模型的生物力学特性基本符合人体的运动规律,根据正常人体基本资料构建有限元模型的方法切实可行,其模型验证有效,可以运用于与脊柱胸腰段其他疾病有关的研究。2.在利用复位床托复位治疗椎体骨折时应将床托最高点(支点)置于骨折椎体棘突顶点。3.应将小关节应力纳入有限元分析中。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of thoracolumbar spine (including T11-L3) and L1 fracture by using 3D visualization of medical images and medical finite element method (FEM) in reverse engineering and with the aid of Mimics14.0 software. After the validity of the model was verified, the biomechanical analysis of the model was carried out to explore the injury mechanism of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture and to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture with reduction bed care. Methods: a healthy adult male volunteer was selected as the subject. There was no chest, history of back trauma, no history of thoracolumbar disease, X-ray examination excluded abnormal bone, and signed informed consent letter. The thoracolumbar part of the spine (mainly T11-L3) was continuously scanned by spiral CT. The data were saved and burned into CD by DICOM3.0 standard. The data is imported into Mimics14.0 software for modeling, and the 3D solid model is generated. The element type of the model is determined and the material attribute is assigned. Then the 3D finite element model is imported into the Ansys14.0 finite element analysis software to verify the validity of the model and the biomechanical analysis of the model is carried out under the boundary load constraint. Results: 1. A three-dimensional finite element model of T11-L3 with vertebrae, intervertebral discs and peri-ligament structures was established, consisting of 58,815 nodes and 227,774 elements. The model has the advantages of realistic geometry, good visual effect, convenient network partition and suitable biomechanical analysis. 2. This model is proved to be effective, which is of great significance to expound the injury mechanism of L1 vertebral compression fracture, to provide sufficient theoretical basis for the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture with reduction bed care, and to facilitate the clinical popularization of reduction bed care. Conclusion: 1. The biomechanical characteristics of the three dimensional finite element model of thoracolumbar segment (including T11-L3) and thoracolumbar segment L1 fracture are basically in accordance with the human motion law. The method of constructing the finite element model based on the basic data of normal human body is feasible. The model is valid and can be used in studies related to other diseases of the thoracolumbar spine. 2. The highest point (fulcrum) of the bed holder should be placed at the apex of the spinous process of the fracture vertebral body when the reduction bed holder is used in the treatment of vertebral fracture. The stress of small joint should be included in finite element analysis.
【学位授予单位】：湖南中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R687.3

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