肉芽肿性乳腺炎诊疗进展

发布时间：2019-01-02 13:19

【摘要】：肉芽肿性乳腺炎是一类少见的慢性乳腺疾病,多发于非哺乳期育龄女性,近年来发病率明显上升。其病因尚不明确,发病的危险因素主要包括体内激素水平紊乱、自身免疫、感染及α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏等。临床特征及影像学表现容易与乳腺癌混淆。常表现为一侧乳房不规则肿块、乳头内陷、乳头溢液、脓肿及窦道形成。推荐使用超声引导的空芯针穿刺活检(CNB)作为取材方法,可减少并发症并能较完整的保存组织结构。原发性肉芽肿性乳腺炎组织病理学特征主要表现为腺叶及周围的非干酪样坏死性炎症。目前治疗方案仍存在争议,主要治疗方法包括手术、抗生素、糖皮质醇激素及免疫抑制剂的单独或联合应用。
[Abstract]:Granulomatous mastitis is a kind of rare chronic breast disease. Its etiology is not clear, the risk factors include hormone level disorder, autoimmunity, infection and 伪 1-antitrypsin deficiency. Clinical features and imaging findings are easily confused with breast cancer. It is often characterized by irregular breast masses, nipple invagination, nipple discharge, abscess and sinus formation. Ultrasound-guided hollow needle biopsy (CNB) is recommended to be used as a material selection method, which can reduce complications and preserve the tissue structure completely. The histopathological features of primary granulomatous mastitis were mainly non-caseous necrotic inflammation in and around the gland lobe. Treatment options are still controversial, including surgery, antibiotics, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants alone or in combination.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R655.8

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