前交叉韧带缺失对膝半月板各部分应力影响的有限元研究

发布时间：2019-01-10 18:51

【摘要】：目的:采用三维有限元力学分析法,对比分析前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)正常时和缺失后膝关节半月板前角、体部和后角的应力变化。方法:构建并运用胫股关节三维有限元模型,模拟ACL正常时和缺失后膝关节在伸直位、15°和30°屈曲位的运动状态,并在股骨上施加700 N轴向载荷和134 N后向载荷,比较ACL正常时和缺失后内、外侧半月板前角、体部和后角各自的应力分布变化。结果:当ACL缺失后,在膝关节伸直时,内侧半月板前角的应力比正常膝增加100.7%,大于外侧半月板前角的应力增幅(30.7%);在15°和30°屈曲位时,内侧半月板后角的应力分别比正常膝增加36.4%和59.7%,而外侧半月板后角的应力增加不明显;除了外侧半月板体部的应力在膝伸直位比正常膝增加39.5%以外,内、外侧半月板体部的应力变化不明显。结论:ACL缺失对半月板各部分应力的影响并不相同,其主要导致内侧半月板前角和后角的应力分别在膝伸直位和屈曲位显著增加。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare the stress changes of anterior meniscus angle, body and posterior horn of knee meniscus between normal and missing anterior cruciate ligament (anterior cruciate ligament,ACL) by three dimensional finite element mechanical analysis (FEM). Methods: a three-dimensional finite element model of tibiofemoral joint was constructed and used to simulate the motion of knee joint in extension position, 15 掳and 30 掳flexion position at normal and absent ACL, and to apply 700N axial load and 134N backward load to the femur. The stress distributions of anterior horn, body and posterior angle of lateral meniscus were compared between normal and absent ACL. Results: the stress of anterior horn of medial meniscus was 100.7% higher than that of normal knee when ACL was absent, which was larger than that of lateral meniscus (30.7%). In the flexion position of 15 掳and 30 掳, the stress of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus was 36.4% and 59.7% higher than that of the normal knee, respectively, but the stress of the posterior angle of the lateral meniscus was not obvious. Except that the stress of lateral meniscus increased by 39.5% in the lateral meniscus compared with the normal knee, the stress of the lateral meniscus showed no obvious change. Conclusion: the effect of ACL deficiency on the stress of the meniscus is not the same. The stress of the anterior and posterior angles of the medial meniscus is significantly increased in the knee extension position and the flexion position, respectively.
【作者单位】：武警广西总队医院骨科;第三军医大学西南医院关节外科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31070837)资助
【分类号】：R684

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