体感诱发电位监测系统的模拟实验与动物实验

发布时间：2019-02-12 10:38

【摘要】：作为一种常用的脊柱外科手术术中监护手段,体感诱发电位越来越多的应用于临床中。近年来,脊柱外科疾病的高发病率和年轻化趋势日益明显,越来越多的人深受其苦,随着现代人的生活压力的增大,越来越多的人患上有腰椎间盘突出、颈椎病等一系列脊柱外科病。而脊柱外科疾病中很大一部分患者需要外科手术手段进行干预治疗。鉴于现阶段脊柱外科手术仍然是高危手术类型,手术中对病人的直接伤害和并发症都会严重的影响到患者的身心健康,因此要求更精准更快速的进行术中监护,以确保手术的安全进行。目的：设计一套体感诱发电位采集系统,解决现有仪器前置放大器移动性差、叠加次数多、缺乏频域维度的测试三个问题。设计一套模拟人训练系统病使用该系统对体感诱发电位信号采集系统进行测试。设计动物实验,对体感诱发电位采集系统进行测试。方法：使用无线传输技术、FPGA硬件滤波技术、LabVIEW作为上位机软件对体感诱发电位信号采集系统进行改良设计。设计一套用于医护人员训练用的模拟训练系统并对其进行测试。最后,对信号采集系统进行一系列的性能测试和评估：首先,使用模拟训练系统对信号采集系统进行测试。然后设计动物实验对信号采集系统进行实测,实验中使用其中12只Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠进行了信号测试。结果：根据动物实验结果对以下三个方面进行了分析。[1]时频谱对应时域信号处理优势：用时频谱的方式呈现的信号特征,其变化率大于信号在时域下的特征值。[2]新的复合滤波与原叠加滤波的比较：FPGA复合叠加算法滤波,可以将信号采集时间缩短为原来的1/5,并且有利于计算机进行进一步的自动识别判断。[3]自动判据进行预警结果：整个实验中共有8只手术成功大鼠,均可以完成自动报警。结论：本研究中设计的体感诱发电位信号采集系统,可以有效的减少信号采集所需要的时间,并给出监护人员自动预警的建议。
[Abstract]:Somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), as a commonly used intraoperative monitoring method in spinal surgery, is applied more and more in clinical practice. In recent years, the high incidence of spinal surgery and the trend of younger people have become increasingly obvious, more and more people suffer from it. With the increasing pressure of modern life, more and more people have lumbar disc herniation. A series of spinal diseases, such as cervical spondylosis. A large proportion of patients with spinal diseases need surgical intervention. In view of the fact that spinal surgery is still a high-risk type of surgery at present, direct injuries and complications in the operation will seriously affect the physical and mental health of the patients, so it is necessary to carry out intraoperative monitoring more accurately and quickly. To ensure the safety of the operation. Aim: to design a set of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) acquisition system to solve the three problems of low mobility of preamplifier, multiple stacking times and lack of frequency domain dimension testing. A simulated human training system was designed to test the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) signal acquisition system. An animal experiment was designed to test the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) acquisition system. Methods: using wireless transmission technology, FPGA hardware filtering technology and LabVIEW as host computer software to improve the design of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) signal acquisition system. A simulation training system was designed and tested for medical staff training. Finally, the signal acquisition system is tested and evaluated. Firstly, the analog training system is used to test the signal acquisition system. Then the animal experiment was designed to measure the signal acquisition system. Twelve of the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to test the signal in the experiment. Results: according to the results of animal experiments, the following three aspects were analyzed. [1] time spectrum corresponds to the advantages of time domain signal processing. The rate of change is greater than the eigenvalue of the signal in time domain. [2] the comparison between the new composite filter and the original superposition filter: the FPGA composite stack filter can shorten the signal acquisition time to 1 / 5 of the original, And it is beneficial to the computer for further automatic recognition and judgment. [3] automatic criteria for early warning results: there are 8 successful rats in the whole experiment, all of them can complete the automatic alarm. Conclusion: the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) signal acquisition system designed in this study can effectively reduce the time needed for signal acquisition and give the suggestion of automatic warning.
【学位授予单位】：北京协和医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R687.3;TP274

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