400名学龄前儿童屈光状态的调查分析

发布时间：2018-03-11 06:37

本文选题：学龄前儿童　切入点：屈光状态　出处：《中国现代医生》2016年35期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解学龄前儿童的屈光状态,便于及时发现屈光异常,从而最大程度减少儿童视力损害。方法对2015年1月~2016年1月我市3~6岁400名学龄前儿童的屈光状态进行调查,分为3岁、4岁、5岁、6岁四个年龄组,比较不同年龄组的性别分布及视力情况、屈光不正情况(远视、近视、混合散光)。结果 400名学龄前儿童的平均视力为(0.78±0.24),3岁组(0.58±0.12),4岁组(0.79±0.25),5岁组(0.84±0.22),6岁组(0.91±0.37),不同年龄组的视力不完全相同。400名学龄前儿童中经屈光检查发现屈光不正49例,屈光异常率12.3%。各组屈光不正发生率分别为3岁组12例(19.7%),4岁组13例(10.0%)、5岁组13例(11.8%)、6岁组11例(11.1%),其中3岁组屈光不正的发生率显著高于其他各年龄组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。49例屈光不正的学龄前儿童中,远视39例,占79.6%,近视5例,混合散光5例,分别占10.2%。结论学龄前儿童存在屈光不正情况,通过对学龄前儿童进行屈光筛查,可以尽早发现屈光不正,对纠正儿童屈光不正和防治弱视具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the refractive state of preschool children, so as to find out the refractive abnormalities in time, and to minimize the visual impairment. Methods from January 2015 to January 2016, we investigated the refractive status of 400 preschool children aged 6 years from January 2015 to January 2016 in our city. They were divided into four age groups: 3 years old, 4 years old, 5 years old and 6 years old. The sex distribution and visual acuity, ametropia (hyperopia, myopia, myopia) of different age groups were compared. Results the average visual acuity of 400 preschool children was 0.78 卤0.24 + 3 years old group (0.58 卤0.12) years old group (0.79 卤0.25) years old group (0.84 卤0.22) years old group (0.84 卤0.22) years old group (0.91 卤0.37). The visual acuity of different age group was not the same. The rate of ametropia was 12.3.The incidence of ametropia in 3 years old group was 19.7 cases, in 4 year old group, 13 cases were 10.0 years old, 13 cases in 11.8 years old group and 11 cases in 6 years old group. The incidence of refractive error in 3 year old group was significantly higher than that in other age groups. The difference was statistically significant in 39 cases (79.6%) of hyperopia, 5 cases of myopia, 5 cases of mixed astigmatism and 5 cases of mixed astigmatism among 49 preschool children with ametropia. Conclusion there is ametropia in preschool children. It is important for children to correct refractive errors and to prevent amblyopia.
【作者单位】：宁波市眼科医院;
【基金】：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2017ZH016)
【分类号】：R778.1

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