耳蜗螺旋神经节细胞的损伤和再生

发布时间：2018-03-30 15:17

本文选题：螺旋神经节细胞　切入点：神经营养因子　出处：《中华耳科学杂志》2016年01期

【摘要】：耳蜗螺旋神经节细胞(spiral ganglion cells,SGCs)为双极神经节细胞,是听觉传导通路的第一级神经元,其周围突与毛细胞相连,中枢突则参与组成听神经。螺旋神经节细胞在声音信号的传递与编码方面具有重要作用,容易在接触耳毒性药物、强噪声、神经营养因子(NTFs)缺乏、衰老、缺血-再灌注等因素而导致不可逆的损伤,并且引起听力损失。由于螺旋神经节细胞是高度分化的终末细胞,损伤后难以修复,使得神经性耳聋的治疗更加困难。研究发现神经营养因子和干细胞可以诱导死亡的螺旋神经节细胞再生(Regeneration)。本文将从螺旋神经节细胞的损伤机制和螺旋神经节细胞再生方面进行综述。
[Abstract]:Cochlear spiral ganglion cells (spiral ganglion cells) are bipolar ganglion cells, which are the first stage neurons of auditory conduction pathway. The peripheral processes are connected with hair cells, and the central processes are involved in the formation of auditory nerve.Spiral ganglion cells play an important role in the transmission and coding of sound signals. They can easily lead to irreversible damage due to exposure to ototoxic drugs, strong noise, lack of neurotrophic factor NTFs, aging, ischemia-reperfusion, etc.And cause hearing loss.Because spiral ganglion cells are highly differentiated terminal cells, it is difficult to repair after injury, which makes the treatment of neurogenic deafness more difficult.Neurotrophic factors and stem cells have been found to induce the regeneration of dead spiral ganglion cells.This article reviews the mechanism of injury of spiral ganglion cells and regeneration of spiral ganglion cells.
【作者单位】：徐州医学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科;解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科解放军耳鼻咽喉科研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81271082) 国家973计划重大科学研究计划干细胞项目(2012CB967900),国家973计划重大科学问题导向项目(2011CBA01000) 北京科技创新基地培育与发展专项(z151100001615050)~~
【分类号】：R764

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