眼内压连续测量方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 18:02

本文选题：青光眼　切入点：眼压　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为仅次于白内障的第二大致盲眼病，青光眼严重威胁着人眼的视力。青光眼的主要特征是眼内压力间断或持续性升高，其水平超过眼球所能耐受的程度，导致不可逆性视神经萎缩、视野缩小。特别对眼压白天正常而夜间偏高的患者，在眼科门诊使用现有的单次眼压测量仪器难以被发现，从而延误病情，带来终身的痛苦。针对眼压的24小时连续测量，本文开展了基于两磁铁排斥力和压眼睑的两种眼压测量方法的研究，实现了在眼睛闭合状态下，每隔一定时间间隔测量一次眼压，绘制出24小时眼压波动图。为了系统开展实验研究，首先建立了尸体兔眼前房加压灌注高眼压模型，该模型稳定可靠、反应灵敏、无干扰，满足了实验研究的要求。其次，从两磁铁相互作用原理和生物体组织的弹性测量原理出发，阐述了两种眼压测量方法的工作原理和测量过程，，通过有限元仿真计算和实验，证明了该两种测量方法的可行性和有效性。实验研究表明：基于两磁铁排斥力的眼压测量方法得到的排斥力与位移曲线上存在波动点，该点与眼内压具有某种对应关系，能够获得眼内压大小信息；压眼睑式测量方法得到的压力与位移曲线中某一曲线段的斜率与眼内压具有较好的对应关系，可以用来评估眼内压大小。最终设计出磁铁排斥式和压眼睑式眼压测量仪器初步结构。
[Abstract]:As the second leading cause of blindness after cataract, glaucoma is a serious threat to human visual acuity. Glaucoma is characterized by intermittent or sustained increase in intraocular pressure, which exceeds the degree to which the eyeball can tolerate. This results in irreversible atrophy of the optic nerve and narrowing of the visual field. Especially for patients with normal intraocular pressure during the day and high night pressure, it is difficult to detect the use of the existing single IOP measurement instrument in the ophthalmology clinic, thus delaying the condition of the patient. For 24 hours of continuous measurement of intraocular pressure, two methods of intraocular pressure measurement based on repulsive force of two magnets and eyelid pressure are studied in this paper. Intraocular pressure was measured at regular intervals, and 24 hours IOP fluctuation was plotted. In order to carry out the experimental study systematically, a high intraocular pressure model of the anterior chamber of the cadaveric rabbit was established. The model was stable, reliable, sensitive and non-interference, and satisfied the requirements of the experimental study. Based on the principle of interaction between two magnets and the principle of elastic measurement of biological tissue, the working principle and measuring process of two IOP measuring methods are expounded. The finite element simulation calculation and experiment are carried out. The feasibility and effectiveness of the two methods are proved. The experimental results show that there are fluctuation points on the curve of repulsion force and displacement based on the repulsion force of two magnets, which has a certain relationship with the intraocular pressure. The information of intraocular pressure can be obtained, and the slope of a curve in the curve of pressure and displacement obtained by eyelid pressure measurement has a good correspondence with intraocular pressure. It can be used to evaluate the intraocular pressure. Finally, the primary structure of the magnet repellent and eyelid pressure measuring instruments is designed.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R770.426

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