沈阳市在职听力残疾人助听器使用现状调查及满意度分析

发布时间：2018-08-08 17:17

【摘要】：我国听力残疾共2780万人，听力残疾的现患率为1.52%。沟通困难是听力残疾人日常生活中存在的最大问题，也是就业过程中最重要的影响因素。助听器选配是临床上解决听力障碍患者听力问题最普遍、最有效的方法。助听器的使用效果，可直接影响听力残疾人士特别是在职人士平等参与社会生活。因此对听力残疾人助听器使用现状调查及满意度分析具有重要理论价值和现实意义。目的：以沈阳市佩戴助听器的在职听力残疾人为对象，通过应用“助听器效果国际性调查问卷”和自制助听器满意度调查问卷，对其使用助听器现状进行调查，并分析其使用助听器的满意程度，从而了解沈阳市听力残疾人群使用助听器情况、分析助听器使用满意度的影响因素，为更好的应用助听器提供指导建议；为更科学、更专业帮助听力残疾人提升生活品质及增进社会活动参与能力提供理论依据。方法：通过社区、福利企业、聋人协会等渠道收集在职听力残疾人情况，采用分层抽样法抽取沈阳市在职听力残疾人600名，根据年龄因素分为30岁以下、31-40岁、41-50岁、50岁以上四组。对其进行助听器效果国际性调查问卷和自制助听器满意度调查问卷调查，数据回收整理后进行助听器使用现状描述和数据分析，使用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析，采用t检验及方差分析，以P＜0.05为具有统计学意义。结果：接受本调查的在职听力残疾人600名均佩戴助听器，且佩戴时间均大于6周。通过对“助听器效果国际性调查问卷”和自制助听器满意度调查问卷回收分析可见：不同学历、不同行业的在职听力残疾人对助听器使用基本满意。接受调查的在职听力残疾人中，听力损失程度以三级（占总数的41%）和二级听力残疾（占总数的46%）为主；文化程度中大专学历人数最多占46.5%，本科生占25.5%，中专占28.0%；各职业人数分布中普通工人所占比例最高为39.0%，自由择业者、专业人员及社区工作者分别占27.5%、24.2%及9.3%；每天佩戴助听器大于8小时和使用时间大于6个月比例较高，分别为66.83%和64.50%，且这部分听力残疾人认为助听器对自己生活便利影响较大，满意度较高；受试者中男性较女性在生活质量的改变方面更加满意；年龄因素中，，50岁以上佩戴助听器的残疾人对各种环境下助听器的使用、费用及方便程度满意度较差；文化程度方面，本科及以上学历人员对助听器使用满意度较高；从事职业方面，专业人员对比其他人员满意度低；助听器方面，对助听器佩戴的容易程度满意度最高，助听器的电池费用满意度较高，对吵杂环境下助听满意度、助听器的维修服务品质和销售人员或听力师的相关知识满意度较低，助听器维修的费用满意度最低。结论：沈阳市在职听力残疾人助听器使用效果总体而言是满意的。其中性别、年龄、佩戴时间、文化程度、职业等因素影响较大。其中男性、学历较高、从事专业技术工作和佩戴时间较长的听力残疾人对助听器更加满意，而年龄较大的听力残疾人对于助听器使用各种环境下、费用及方便程度均满意度较差；助听器方面，助听器佩戴者对佩戴方式及助听器电池的费用比较满意；对嘈杂环境下使用情况、助听器的维修服务品质、销售人员及听力师的相关知识满意度较低；对助听器维修的费用满意度最低。建议：为增加助听器的满意度，年龄大的佩戴者可以让其家人给予适当的提醒；提高助听器销售人员或听力师的知识水平和技术；开展助听器国产化研究，降低生产和验配成本；更好更全面的给予助听器使用者普及相关的知识；发动全社会的力量关爱听力残疾人。
[Abstract]:There are 27 million 800 thousand people with hearing disability in China. The prevalence rate of hearing disability is 1.52%. communication difficulty is the biggest problem in the daily life of hearing disabled people. It is also the most important factor in the process of employment. Hearing aids is the most common and effective way to solve hearing problems in patients with hearing impairment. The effect of hearing aids is effective. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to investigate the status of hearing aids in hearing aids and to analyze the satisfaction of hearing aids.
Objective: To investigate the application of hearing aids to hearing aids in Shenyang, and to investigate the status of the hearing aids by using the international questionnaire on the effect of hearing aids and the questionnaire on the satisfaction of the self-made hearing aids, and to analyze the satisfaction degree of the hearing aids, so as to understand the hearing aids of the hearing aids in Shenyang. In order to provide a more scientific, more professional help to improve the quality of life and enhance the ability to participate in social activities, it provides a theoretical basis for a more scientific, more professional help to improve the quality of life and the ability to participate in social activities.
Methods: through the community, the welfare enterprises, the Deaf Association and other channels to collect the situation of the disabled hearing disabled, using the stratified sampling method to extract 600 disabled hearing disabled in Shenyang, according to the age factors divided into 30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, four groups above 50 years old. Degree survey questionnaire survey, data recovery after the use of hearing aids description and data analysis, the use of SPSS18.0 software for statistical analysis, t test and variance analysis, with P < 0.05 as a statistical significance.
Results: 600 hearing disabled people were all wearing hearing aids, and the time of wear was more than 6 weeks. Through the analysis of the "international questionnaire on the effect of hearing aids" and the satisfaction questionnaire of self-made hearing aids, we can see that different educational backgrounds and employees in different industries are basically satisfied with the use of hearing aids. Among the in-service hearing handicapped, the degree of hearing loss was three (41% of the total) and two of the hearing disability (46%); the number of college education was 46.5%, the undergraduate was 25.5%, and the secondary school accounted for 28%. The highest proportion of the ordinary workers in the distribution of the occupations was 39%, the free choice and professional staff. And community workers accounted for 27.5%, 24.2% and 9.3%, respectively, and the proportion of hearing aids more than 8 hours and more than 6 months was higher, 66.83% and 64.50%, respectively, and this part of the hearing disabled thought that the hearing aids had greater impact on their own life convenience and higher satisfaction; the men in the subjects were better than women in the change of quality of life. More satisfied with the age factors, the disabled with hearing aids over 50 years old were less satisfied with the use of hearing aids in various environments; in terms of education, the degree of satisfaction with the use of hearing aids was higher for the undergraduate and above, and in the profession, the professional staff were lower in satisfaction than other people; On the other hand, the satisfaction degree of the hearing aids is the highest, the battery cost satisfaction of the hearing aids is higher, the satisfaction of hearing aids, the maintenance service quality of the hearing aid and the satisfaction of the salesperson or the listening teacher are low, and the satisfaction of the hearing aids maintenance is the lowest.
Conclusion: the effect of hearing aids for hearing disabled in Shenyang is generally satisfactory. The factors such as sex, age, time of wearing, educational level and occupation are much more affected. Among them, people with higher educational background, professional technical work and long time hearing disability people are more satisfied with hearing aids and older hearing. The satisfaction of the disabled to the use of all kinds of environment, the cost and the convenience of the hearing aids was poor; the hearing aids, the hearing aid wearer was satisfied with the wear mode and the cost of the hearing aid battery; the satisfaction of the maintenance service quality of the hearing aids, the salespeople and the listening teachers were lower. The cost of hearing aid maintenance is the lowest.
Suggestion: in order to increase the satisfaction of hearing aids, the older wearers can give their families appropriate reminding; improve the knowledge level and technology of the hearing aids sales staff or the listening teachers; carry out the research on the localization of the hearing aids, reduce the cost of production and check, and popularize the related knowledge to the users of the hearing aids more comprehensive; The power of the whole society cares for the hearing disabled.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R764

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