耳鼻咽喉头颈科住院患者感染的病原学特点分析

发布时间：2018-08-26 07:15

【摘要】：目的了解医院耳鼻咽喉头颈科住院患者常见致病菌及耐药性,并探讨其防治措施,为临床治疗提供依据。方法对医院2014年1月-2016年12月耳鼻咽喉头颈外科住院患者临床标本的病原菌鉴定结果及药物敏感性试验结果进行统计分析,并对其防治作初步探讨。结果 19 588例患者中,248例有病原菌鉴定结果,其中革兰阳性菌占39.1%,革兰阴性菌占35.1%,真菌占12.5%,混合感染13.3%,其中单一病原中以铜绿假单胞菌检出最多44株占17.7%,金黄色葡萄球菌次之,31株占12.5%,曲霉菌12株占4.8%;金黄色葡萄球菌对喹诺酮类抗菌药物耐药率为20.6%,铜绿假单胞菌对喹诺酮类抗菌药物耐药率达31.7%。结论耳鼻咽喉科使用抗菌药物应以临床调查为依据,覆盖临床常见致病菌,真菌感染在耳部病原中占重要地位,长时间应用同类抗菌药物易导致耐药,应适当轮换抗菌药物种类。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the common pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in patients with head and neck department of otolaryngology in hospital, and to explore the preventive and therapeutic measures to provide evidence for clinical treatment. Methods from January 2014 to December 2016, the results of pathogenic bacteria identification and drug sensitivity test in clinical specimens of inpatients with otolaryngology and head and neck surgery in our hospital were statistically analyzed, and their prevention and treatment were preliminarily discussed. Results 248 of 19 588 patients were identified with pathogenic bacteria. Among them, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 39.1%, Gram-negative bacteria 35.1m, fungi 12.5%, mixed infection was 13.30.Among the single pathogen, 44 strains were detected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 31 strains by Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 12.5strain, and 12 strains by Aspergillus aureus accounted for 4.8xu.among them, 44 strains were detected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 12.5strains by Staphylococcus aureus, 12 strains by Aspergillus aureus. The resistance rate of Staphylococcus to quinolones and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to quinolones was 20.6% and 31.775% respectively. Conclusion the use of antimicrobial agents in otorhinolaryngology should be based on the clinical investigation and cover the common clinical pathogenic bacteria. Fungal infection plays an important role in the etiology of the ear, and the use of the same antibiotics for a long time may lead to drug resistance. Types of antimicrobial agents should be rotated appropriately.
【作者单位】：解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科;
【分类号】：R446.5;R76

【相似文献】