听力正常与听力下降耳鸣患者心理问题及心理声学特性分析

发布时间：2018-12-28 06:55

【摘要】：目的了解听力正常与听力下降耳鸣患者心理问题及心理声学特点,为耳鸣的个性化诊治提供依据。方法将613名患者分为2组：听力正常组和听力下降组。分别进行纯音听阈、耳鸣测定检查,并填写耳鸣残疾度量化表(THI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)。结果年龄60岁并伴听力损失的耳鸣患者所占比例最高；听力正常与听力下降组耳鸣患者的年龄构成差异有统计学意义(P0.05),听力下降组耳鸣患者年龄构成较听力正常组偏老龄化；听力正常与听力下降耳鸣患者耳鸣严重程度差异无统计学意义(P0.05)；听力正常组耳鸣患者耳鸣响度较听力下降组耳鸣响度大；听力正常组较听力下降组耳鸣患者残余抑制时间长。两组耳鸣患者佛德曼曲线类型差异有统计学意义,且两组汇聚型和重叠型所占比例差异也有统计学意义(P0.05),听力正常组佛德曼曲线重叠型所占比例高于听力下降组。听力正常组耳鸣患者焦虑情绪阳性率高于听力下降组,听力下降组耳鸣患者抑郁情绪阳性率高于听力正常组。结论听力损失与年龄是耳鸣的重要相关因素；耳鸣的严重程度与听力损失情况无关,耳鸣对情绪、睡眠、工作的影响是心理问题,必须重视耳鸣心理治疗；听力正常耳鸣患者焦虑症状阳性率比抑郁症状阳性率高,而听力下降耳鸣患者抑郁症状阳性率较焦虑症状阳性率高；听力正常与听力下降患者的耳鸣响度、残余抑制时间和佛德曼曲线类型存在差异,听力正常耳鸣患者的掩蔽效果优于听力下降者。这些结论对耳鸣治疗方案的选择有指导性意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the psychological problems and psychoacoustic characteristics of patients with normal hearing and hearing loss tinnitus so as to provide basis for individualized diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus. Methods 613 patients were divided into two groups: normal hearing group and hearing loss group. The pure tone hearing threshold and tinnitus were measured, and the quantitative scale of tinnitus disability was filled out. (THI), anxiety scale, (SAS), self rating scale, (SAS), depression scale, self-rating scale (SDS). Results the proportion of tinnitus patients aged 60 years with hearing loss was the highest. The age composition of tinnitus patients in normal hearing group and hearing loss group was significantly different (P0.05). The age composition of tinnitus patients in hearing loss group was older than that in normal hearing group. There was no significant difference in the severity of tinnitus between normal hearing group and hearing loss tinnitus group (P0.05); the tinnitus degree of hearing normal group was larger than that of hearing loss group. The residual inhibition time of tinnitus patients in normal hearing group was longer than that in hearing loss group. There were significant differences between the two groups of tinnitus patients in the type of Friedman curve and the proportion of convergent type and overlap type (P0.05). The proportion of Fedman curve overlap type in normal hearing group was higher than that in hearing loss group. The positive rate of anxiety in normal hearing group was higher than that in hearing loss group, and the positive rate of depression in hearing loss group was higher than that in hearing normal group. Conclusion hearing loss and age are important related factors of tinnitus, and the severity of tinnitus is not related to hearing loss. The effects of tinnitus on mood, sleep and work are psychological problems, so we must pay attention to the psychotherapy of tinnitus. The positive rate of anxiety symptoms in hearing normal tinnitus patients was higher than that of depression symptoms, while the positive rate of depressive symptoms in hearing loss tinnitus patients was higher than that of anxiety symptoms. There were differences in tinnitus loudness residual inhibition time and Friedman curve between normal hearing and hearing impaired patients. The masking effect of hearing normal tinnitus patients was better than that of hearing loss patients. These conclusions are instructive to the choice of tinnitus treatment.
【学位授予单位】：天津医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R764

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