小儿腺样体肥大与抗生素应用的相关性研究

发布时间：2019-04-21 22:01

【摘要】：目的：探讨小儿腺样体肥大的发病率呈上升趋势是否与抗生素的不合理应用有关系。方法：通过我院的病案查询系统统计近10年来每年我科收治的小儿腺样体肥大患儿的例数，并列表进行比较；回顾性分析统计实验组和对照组的幼儿的使用抗生素次数，进行统计学分析；并对实验组腺样体肥大伴有分泌性中耳炎、扁桃体肥大及术后复发等情况分别计数统计。结果：1、我科（吉林大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科）近10年小儿腺样体肥大住院手术治疗例数分别为：2002年48例、2003年62例、2004年127例、2005年174例、2006年209例、2007年358例、2008年350例、2009年411例、2010年408例、2011年415例。2、在吉林大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2011年01月-2011年12月共收治的415例腺样体肥大的手术患者中随意抽取200例2-8岁患儿为实验组（其中66个女孩，134个男孩，平均年龄4.65岁），其中腺样体肥大的程度均堵塞后鼻孔1/2以上，其中2例为术后复发患儿，同时伴有分泌性中耳炎的有44例（占22㳠），同时伴有扁桃体肥大的并手术切除的有180例（占90㳠）。3、在吉林大学附属第三幼儿园和东北师范大学附属小学随机抽取完全没有腺样体肥大临床症状的200例2-8岁幼儿为对照组（其中73个女孩，127个男孩，平均年龄4.495岁）。4、分别列出两组年平均使用抗生素次数的频数分布表和频数分布图，以便更利于直观观察，从上述中得出：实验组200例患儿年平均使用抗生素次数的均数为2.4725，，标准差1.0，对照组200例幼儿年平均使用抗生素次数的均数为0.992，标准差0.57。采用大样本均数的假设检验（u检验）分析两组间年平均使用抗生素次数的差别。ａ=0.05，P＜0.05表示有统计学意义。得出P＜0.01，有统计学意义。结论：小儿腺样体肥大发病率呈上升趋势；小儿腺样体肥大患儿大部分伴有扁桃体肥大；小儿腺样体肥大的发病可能与抗生素应用不合理有关。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate whether the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy in children is related to the unreasonable use of antibiotics. Methods: the cases of children with adenoid hypertrophy admitted to our department in recent 10 years were counted by the medical record inquiry system in our hospital, and compared with each other. The times of antibiotics used in children in the experimental group and the control group were analyzed retrospectively, and the adenoid hypertrophy with secretory otitis media, tonsillar hypertrophy and postoperative recurrence were counted respectively in the experimental group. Results: 1. There were 48 cases of adenoid hypertrophy in children in 2002, 62 cases in 2003, 127 cases in 2004, 174 cases in 2005 and 209 cases in 2006 in our department (otorhinolaryngology-head-neck surgery, first Hospital of Jilin University). 358 cases in 2007, 350 cases in 2008, 411 cases in 2009, 408 cases in 2010 and 415 cases in 2011, From January 2011 to December 2011, 200 2-8-year-old children (66 girls and 134 boys) were randomly selected from 415 patients with adenoid hypertrophy in the department of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery, first Hospital, Jilin University. The average age was 4.65 years old, and the degree of adenoid hypertrophy was more than 1 ~ 2 years old. Among them, 2 cases were recurrent children and 44 cases (22%) were accompanied by secretory otitis media. At the same time, 180 cases (90%) had tonsillectomy and tonsillectomy. In the third kindergarten affiliated to Jilin University and the affiliated primary school of Northeast normal University, 200 2-year-old 8-year-old children without clinical symptoms of adenoid hypertrophy were randomly selected as control group (73 girls and 127 boys). The average age was 4.495 years old (4.4), and the frequency distribution table and frequency distribution map of the average number of antibiotics used in the two groups were set out, respectively, in order to facilitate the visual observation. The results showed that the average number of antibiotics used in the experimental group was 2.4725, the standard deviation was 1.0, and that in the control group was 0.992, and the standard deviation was 0.57. The results showed that the average number of antibiotics used in the experimental group was 2.4725 and the standard deviation was 1.0 in the control group. A = 0.05, P < 0.05 (P < 0.05) was used to analyze the difference of the average number of antibiotics used between the two groups (P < 0.05), using the hypothesis test of large sample mean (u test) to analyze the difference between the two groups. P < 0.01, with statistical significance. Conclusion: the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy in children is increasing, the majority of children with adenoid hypertrophy are associated with tonsillar hypertrophy, and the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy in children may be related to the unreasonable use of antibiotics.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R766

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