人工耳蜗植入儿童听觉康复效果评估标准的修订及应用研究

发布时间：2019-05-07 00:55

【摘要】：建立人工耳蜗植入儿童康复效果评估指标体系,对观察人工耳蜗植入儿童的听觉言语语言能力、追踪康复效果、比较不同类型人工耳蜗的性能等都非常重要。本研究在前人研究的基础上,采用《听障儿童听觉能力评估标准及方法》作为评估工具,对韵母识别、声母识别、声调识别、单音节词识别、双音节词识别和短句识别能力六项听觉能力评估指标进行了标准化研究,并在人工耳蜗植入儿童术后一年的康复训练中应用此六项指标,对听觉康复效果进行跟踪评估。研究内容及结果包括以下方面： 1.通过对健听儿童进行声母、韵母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力评估,对六项评估指标进行标准化研究。 (1)修订了3岁及以上各年龄段人工耳蜗植入儿童的韵母、声母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力的评估标准。 (2)制定了2岁年龄段人工耳蜗植入儿童韵母、声母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力评估标准。 2.对2-6岁人工耳蜗植入儿童应用此六项评估指标进行一年的听觉康复跟踪评估,探讨了人工耳蜗植入儿童听觉能力的发展特征。 (1)随着康复时间的延长,韵母、声母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别率增高,标准差变小。韵母、声母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力评估标准适合人工耳蜗植入儿童的康复效果评估。 (2)耳蜗植入年龄越小,韵母、声母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力发展越快。人工耳蜗植入儿童至少要接受12个月的韵母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力的强化训练,对于小龄儿童,强化训练时间要超过一年；对声母识别能力的康复,强化训练时间必须超过一年 (3)康复前6个月是人工耳蜗植入儿童韵母、声母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力发展的关键期,在此期问人工耳蜗的调试、优化至关重要,因此,人工耳蜗植入儿童必须在此期间完成对植入耳蜗的调试、适应和优化。 (4)耳蜗植入年龄越小,韵母、声母、声调、单音节词、双音节词和短句识别能力增长幅度越大。小年龄组(2-3岁)的增长幅度要大于大年龄组(4-6岁)。
[Abstract]:It is very important to establish an index system for evaluating the rehabilitation effect of cochlear implant children. It is very important to observe the auditory speech and speech ability of the children with cochlear implantation, to follow up the rehabilitation effect, and to compare the performance of different types of cochlear implant. On the basis of previous studies, this study uses the criteria and methods of hearing ability Assessment for Children with hearing impairment as an assessment tool to identify vowels, tones and monosyllabic words. A standardized study was carried out on six evaluation indexes of auditory ability of two-tone word recognition and short sentence recognition. The six indexes were used in the rehabilitation training of children with cochlear implant one year after operation to track and evaluate the effects of auditory rehabilitation. The content and results of the study include the following: 1. A standardized study was carried out on six evaluation indexes by evaluating the recognition ability of consonants, rhymes, tones, monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences in listening children. The main results are as follows: (1) the evaluation criteria of vowel, tone, monosyllabic, disyllabic and short sentences in cochlear implant children aged 3 years or older were revised. (2) the evaluation criteria of rhyme, tone, monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences in 2-year-old children with cochlear implant were established. 2. The auditory rehabilitation of 2-6-year-old children with cochlear implant was followed up for one year, and the developmental characteristics of auditory ability of children with cochlear implant were discussed. (1) with the prolongation of rehabilitation time, the recognition rate of vowels, tones, monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences increased and the standard deviation decreased. The evaluation criteria of rhyme, tone, monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences are suitable for the evaluation of rehabilitation effect of cochlear implant children. (2) the younger the cochlear implant age, the faster the recognition ability of phoneme, tone, monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences developed. Children with cochlear implant should receive at least 12 months of intensive training of rhyme, tone, monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences. For young children, the intensive training time should be more than one year. For the rehabilitation of consonant recognition ability, the intensive training time must exceed one year (3) 6 months before rehabilitation is the key period for the development of the recognition ability of cochlear implant children's rhyme, tone, monosyllabic word, disyllabic word and short sentence. During this period, the adjustment and optimization of cochlear implant is very important. Therefore, children with cochlear implant must complete the debugging, adaptation and optimization of cochlear implant during this period. (4) the younger the cochlear implant age, the greater the recognition ability of phoneme, tone, monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences. The increase in the younger age group (2 to 3 years old) was greater than that in the older age group (4 to 6 years old).
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R764

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