京津冀地区自报过敏性鼻炎病人吸入过敏原检测临床相关性分析

发布时间：2019-08-20 10:54

【摘要】：目的调查京津冀地区自报过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)病人吸入过敏原的致敏率,分析阳性过敏原的年龄及性别差异,阐明过敏原与过敏性鼻炎症状、合并症的临床相关性。方法采用20种标准化过敏原,对2011年1月至2013年7月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院的6 236例京津冀地区自报过敏性鼻炎病人进行皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test,SPT)。记录病人鼻部症状视觉模拟评分和哮喘、过敏性结膜炎病史。应用χ2检验比较不同年龄、性别病人的阳性过敏原及其致敏率,应用Spearman相关分析评价过敏原的临床相关性。结果 5 530例病人(88.7%)至少1种过敏原阳性。京津冀地区自报过敏性鼻炎病人最常见的过敏原是粉尘螨和屋尘螨,致敏率分别为47.3%和41.7%,其在自报过敏性鼻炎成年病人中的致敏率随年龄增长而下降,男性高于女性。尘螨致敏与过敏性鼻炎的持续性、严重程度均无关,但户外过敏原的致敏率在中重度过敏性鼻炎病人显著高于轻度过敏性鼻炎病人,在持续性过敏性鼻炎病人显著高于间歇性过敏性鼻炎病人。SPT中尘螨的皮肤指数与过敏性鼻炎症状无关,艾蒿、禾本花粉的皮肤指数与过敏性鼻炎症状正相关。≥54%的AR合并哮喘或过敏性结膜炎病人呈现4种以上过敏原阳性。尘螨、德国小蠊阳性与AR合并哮喘或过敏性结膜炎无相关性,户外过敏原(艾蒿、蒲公英、大豚草)的致敏率在AR合并哮喘或过敏性结膜炎病人中显著高于无合并症AR病人。结论尘螨是京津冀地区自报过敏性鼻炎病人中最常见的吸入过敏原。吸入过敏原致敏率在不同的年龄、性别差异有统计学意义。过敏性鼻炎伴合并症病人多重致敏率高。户外过敏原致敏率与过敏性鼻炎症状严重程度正相关,其在过敏性鼻炎合并症病人中的致敏率升高。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the sensitizing rate of inhaled allergen in patients with allergic rhinitis (allergic rhinitis,AR) reported by themselves in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, analyze the age and sex differences of positive allergen, and elucidate the clinical correlation between allergen and symptoms and complications of allergic rhinitis. Methods from January 2011 to July 2013, 6236 patients with allergic rhinitis who were admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2011 to July 2013 were treated with 20 kinds of standardized allergens. (skin prick test,SPT was performed on 6236 patients with allergic rhinitis reported by themselves in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area. The visual analog score of nasal symptoms and the history of asthma and allergic conjunctivitis were recorded. The positive allergen and its sensitizing rate of patients of different ages and genders were compared by 蠂 2 test, and the clinical correlation of allergen was evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis. Results at least one allergen was positive in 5530 patients (88.7%). The most common allergen in patients with allergic rhinitis reported by Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei was Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides farinae, the sensitizing rates were 47.3% and 41.7%, respectively. the sensitizing rate of self-reported allergic rhinitis in adult patients decreased with age, and that in males was higher than that in females. Dust mites sensitizing was not related to the persistence and severity of allergic rhinitis, but the sensitizing rate of outdoor allergen in patients with moderate and severe allergic rhinitis was significantly higher than that in patients with mild allergic rhinitis, and in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis was significantly higher than that in patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis. The skin index of dust mites in SPT was not related to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis, Artemisia annua, The skin index of Graben pollen was positively correlated with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. More than 4 kinds of allergen were positive in 鈮，

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