卫校学生临床实习前病毒性肝炎职业安全防护的认知调查分析

发布时间：2018-03-15 21:50

本文选题：卫校学生　切入点：临床实习前　出处：《山西医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:研究长治某卫校即将进入临床实习的学生对病毒性肝炎知识、职业安全防护知识的知晓程度以及相关的影响因素;了解对病毒性肝炎职业安全防护重要性的认识和态度,了解学生对肝炎职业防护的教育需求,为学校进行病毒性肝炎职业安全防护教育和实习医院的岗前培训提供依据。方法:对长治某卫生学校二年级基础课程结束、即将进行临床实习且有病毒性肝炎职业暴露风险的843名学生进行问卷调查,包括护理、助产、农医、影像、检验、口腔、中医康复保健7个专业,调查内容包括病毒性肝炎知识、病毒性肝炎职业防护知识、病毒性肝炎职业防护重要性认识、学生对肝炎职业防护的教育需求。采用秩和检验、卡方检验进行组间比较,采用Logistic回归分析研究病毒性肝炎知识、职业防护知识的影响因素;采用典型相关分析研究病毒性肝炎知识、职业防护知识与职业防护重要性认知间的关系。结果:1.本次调查中,843名学生病毒性肝炎知识平均为40分、平均及格率为14.8%;答题正确率排前三位的分别是肝炎危害、预防措施、甲戊型肝炎传播途径。农医专业、护理助产专业学生病毒性肝炎知识及格的可能性分别比口、影、检、中医专业学生高了27.538倍和5.035倍;家庭中有肝炎患者学生及格的可能性比无肝炎患者学生高了2.607倍,比不清楚家庭中是否有肝炎患者的学生高了3.89倍,有医疗保险学生及格的可能性比不清楚自己是否有医保的学生高了68.0%。2.病毒性肝炎职业防护知识平均56.3分、平均及格率48.3%;六个维度答题正确率由高到低依次为戴口罩68.3%、标准防护61.7%、手卫生59.7%、戴手套55.3%、锐器伤46.5%、穿脱隔离衣39.0%;六个维度16个条目中答题正确率排前三位的是七步洗手法步骤、一次性医用防护口罩更换时间、戴手套的注意事项。非条件logistic回归分析显示:女生职业防护知识及格的可能性比男生高1.333倍;16~18岁学生及格的可能性比16岁以下的学生低了81.9%;农医专业、护理助产专业学生及格的可能性分别是其他专业学生的3.154倍和2.952倍;五年制学生及格的可能性比三年制学生高49.1%;有医疗保险学生及格的可能性比不清楚自己是否有医保学生低32.3%;未接种疫苗学生及格的可能性比不清楚是否接种疫苗学生低66.2%;病毒性肝炎知识及格的学生其职业防护知识也及格的可能性比病毒性肝炎知识不及格的学生高了2.799倍。3.学生对病毒性肝炎职业防护重要性认知的平均分为4.32分,7个维度中标准防护的重要性得分最高,其次为锐器伤、穿脱隔离衣;54.6%的学生认为感染乙肝病毒注射高价乙肝免疫球蛋白非常重要,51%的学生认为接触肝炎患者的污染物后认真洗手非常重要;而29%的学生认为了解病毒性肝炎病原学非常重要,33.2%的学生认为为肝炎病人诊疗中采用非接触式装置洗手非常重要,36.7%的学生认为用完口罩立即取下不能挂于胸前非常重要。4.典型相关分析显示:学生掌握病毒性肝炎病原体、疫苗预防接种、易感人群、肝炎危害的知识越多,就对戴手套、标准防护、穿脱隔离衣、戴口罩的重要性认识程度越高。学生对戴口罩、手卫生、戴手套的职业防护知识得分越高,就对锐器伤、戴手套、手卫生、穿脱隔离衣、戴口罩的重要性认识程度越高。即,学生掌握的病毒性肝炎知识、职业防护知识得分越高,就对相应的职业防护重要性认识的程度越高。5.培训及意愿:参加过病毒性肝炎职业防护培训的学生占51.6%,其中,92.8%的学生是通过校内学习获得,59.8%的学生通过电视网络获得。非常愿意学习病毒性肝炎职业防护的学生有占17.5%;希望实习前参加学校进行培训的学生;希望开设包含“病毒性肝炎职业防护”课程的学生占21.2%。结论:学生对病毒性肝炎知识的知晓度不高,对病毒性肝炎职业防护知识的知晓程度一般,而对病毒性肝炎职业防护重要性认识和态度尚好;农医、护理、助产专业学生对病毒性肝炎知识、职业防护知识的知晓程度略高;学生掌握的病毒性肝炎知识、职业防护知识越多,就对相应的职业防护重要性认识的程度越高。因此,需要加大校内的培训力度、增加相关课程的设置,而且,学生希望从校内获得相关知识的愿望也较强烈。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the Changzhi medical school will enter clinical practice on students' knowledge of viral hepatitis, factors of awareness degree of occupation safety knowledge and related effects; understanding and attitude to viral hepatitis occupation safety protection of the importance of students to understand the occupational protection education needs hepatitis, provide the basis for the school of viral hepatitis occupation safety education and training hospital training. Methods: the end of the second grade curriculum in a medical school in Changzhi, the upcoming clinical practice and questionnaire survey of 843 students, the risk of viral hepatitis occupation exposure include nursing, midwifery, agriculture and medicine, image, inspection, oral Chinese medicine rehabilitation care, 7 professional the survey includes knowledge, viral hepatitis, viral hepatitis occupation protection knowledge, understanding of viral hepatitis occupation protection importance, students' occupation protection against hepatitis Demand for education. Using rank sum test, chi square test was used for comparison between groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the knowledge of viral hepatitis, influencing factors of occupation protection knowledge; knowledge using the canonical correlation analysis of viral hepatitis, the relationship between occupation and occupation protection protection knowledge cognition between the survey. Results: 1., 843 students knowledge of viral hepatitis in an average of 40 points, the average pass rate was 14.8%; the rate of correct answers were ranked the top three hepatitis B hazards, preventive measures, a hepatitis E transmission. Agricultural medical professional nursing knowledge, the possibility of viral hepatitis in midwifery students respectively, on examination, the specialty of traditional Chinese medicine students 27.538 times and 5.035 times; the family has the possibility of hepatitis hepatitis patients than the students who passed the students is 2.607 times higher, than do not know whether the family has hepatitis students 3.89 times higher, There is the possibility of the students who passed the medical insurance than do not know whether they will have health care students of high 68.0%.2. viral hepatitis occupation protection knowledge of an average of 56.3 points, the average pass rate of 48.3%; six dimensions of correct rate from high to low were wearing masks 68.3%, 61.7% standard protective gloves, hand hygiene in 59.7%, 55.3%, sharp injury 46.5%, energy-saving 39%; six dimensions and 16 items in the correct rate ranked the top three is the seven step hand washing steps, the disposable masks replacement time, attention to wear gloves. Non conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the possibility of female occupation protection knowledge exam 1.333 times higher than boys; the possibility of 16~18 years old students pass less than 81.9% students under the age of 16; agricultural professional medical, nursing and midwifery students pass the possibility of other students were 3.154 times and 2.952 times; five year students pass The possibility of more than three years for students in 49.1% higher; there is the possibility of medical insurance of the students who do not know whether they will have health insurance than students with low 32.3%; the possibility of unvaccinated students fail than not clear whether vaccination of 66.2% students with low viral hepatitis; knowledge of students passing the occupation protection knowledge also pass the possibility of knowledge than viral hepatitis a student who has failed 2.799 times higher.3. students average scores of viral hepatitis occupation protection importance cognition is 4.32 points, the standard protection in 7 dimensions of the importance of the highest score, followed by sharp injuries, wear gowns; 54.6% of the students think that the hepatitis B virus infection at the injection of hepatitis B immunoglobulin is very important, 51% of the students think that exposure to contaminants in patients with hepatitis after wash their hands carefully is very important; while 29% of the students think that learning is very important to understand the pathogen of viral hepatitis, 33.2% of the students. As for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis patients by using non-contact device washing is very important, 36.7% of the students think that the finished mask immediately removed not hanging in the chest is very important.4. canonical correlation analysis revealed that the students master the hepatitis virus pathogens, vaccination of susceptible population, the more knowledge on the harm of liver inflammation, wearing gloves, standard door, wear protective clothing, the higher the importance of understanding degree. Students wear masks to wear a mask, gloves, hand hygiene, occupation protection knowledge of the higher scores of sharp injuries, wearing gloves, hand hygiene, wear protective clothing, the higher the importance of wearing masks awareness. Namely, viral hepatitis knowledge of students, occupation protection knowledge of the higher the score, the higher the importance of occupation protection awareness of the extent of the corresponding.5. training and intention: participated in viral hepatitis occupation protection training students accounted for 51.6%, of which 92.8% of the students. Is to get through school learning, 59.8% of the students through the television network. Very willing to study viral hepatitis occupation protection students accounted for 17.5%; to participate in school training before internship students; want to set contains "occupation protection" viral hepatitis students accounted for 21.2%. conclusion: students of knowledge and awareness of viral hepatitis high rate of viral hepatitis occupation protection knowledge, which is good for viral hepatitis occupation protection importance awareness and attitude; agricultural medicine, nursing, midwifery students on knowledge of viral hepatitis, occupation awareness of protection of knowledge of higher viral hepatitis; knowledge of students, more knowledge of occupation protection the higher, on the understanding of the importance of occupation protection. Therefore, the need to increase the intensity of training, increase the relevant curriculum, and students from the school, I hope The desire to acquire relevant knowledge is also strong.

【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G712;R512.6

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