新疆阿合奇县柯尔克孜族中小学生2013年屈光状态的研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 04:36

本文选题：柯尔克孜族　切入点：中小学生　出处：《中国妇幼保健》2014年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨柯尔克孜族中、小学生的屈光状态及近视的患病情况,研究导致学生近视发生、发展的因素。方法:对阿合奇县的中、小学生进行抽样调查,共调查学生769人,男生378人、女生391人,柯尔克孜族学生543人、汉族学生186人。在自然采光良好的教室内,使用标准对数视力表灯箱进行视力检查;采用自动验光仪对学生进行屈光状态、角膜曲率检查,使用裂隙灯对学生进行细致的眼部检查,所有检查均由专业眼科医师进行。并同时测量学生的身高、体重;对学生的用眼习惯、家族病史进行问卷调查。结果:①2~9年级学生视力的低常率,近视的患病率逐年提高,汉族学生比柯族学生更为显著(P0.05);②柯族中、小学生的近视患病率比全国平均水平明显偏低(P0.05);7~9年级柯族学生近视患病率明显升高(P0.05);③在小学阶段,柯族男、女生的近视患病率差异没有统计学意义(P0.05),在中学阶段,柯族女生的近视患病率比男生高(P0.05);④学生用于学习、活动、视频终端接触的时间,不良的看书习惯,座位的排次,是否认真做眼保健操这些因素都能导致近视的形成和发展。基本上所有中、小学生的握笔姿势都不正确;⑤柯族学生红绿色盲的患病率低于全国平均水平。结论:柯尔克孜族中、小学生近视患病率明显低于全国平均水平;初中阶段的学生近视患病率明显提高,女生比男生更为明显;学习时间、课外活动时间、视频终端接触时间,不良读写习惯等因素,会导致近视的形成与发展。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the refractive state and the prevalence of myopia in primary school students of Kirgiz nationality, and to study the factors leading to the occurrence and development of myopia. Methods: a sample survey was carried out among primary and middle school students in Acecchi County, and 769 students were investigated. 378 boys, 391 girls, 543 Kirgiz students and 186 Han students. In a classroom with good natural lighting, the standard logarithmic visual acuity light box is used for visual examination, and automatic optometry is used for the refractive state of the students. The cornea curvature examination, use slit lamp to carry on the careful eye examination to the student, all the examinations are carried out by the professional ophthalmologist. At the same time, the student's height and weight are measured. Results the low visual acuity rate and the prevalence rate of myopia were increased year by year among the students in grade 12 of grade 12, and the prevalence of myopia among Han students was significantly higher than that of the students of Ke nationality, and the prevalence rate of myopia was significantly higher in students of Han nationality than that of students of Ke nationality. The prevalence rate of myopia among primary school students was significantly lower than the national average. The prevalence rate of myopia among Ke students in grade 9 was significantly higher than that of the national average. In primary school, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of myopia between boys and girls in primary school, and there was no significant difference in the prevalence of myopia in middle school students. The prevalence of myopia in Ke girls was higher than that in boys (P 0.05). The students were used for learning, activities, video terminal contact time, bad reading habits, seat ranking, etc. Whether or not to do eye exercises seriously can lead to the formation and development of myopia. Basically, the prevalence of red and green blindness in primary school students is lower than the national average. The prevalence rate of myopia in primary school students was significantly lower than the national average; the prevalence rate of myopia in junior middle school students was significantly higher than that of boys; the study time, extracurricular activity time, video terminal contact time, bad reading and writing habits, and other factors, It can lead to the formation and development of myopia.
【作者单位】：江苏省无锡市第四人民医院眼科;克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州阿合奇县人民医院眼科;
【基金】：新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州科技局资助项目〔克科字[2013]13-31〕
【分类号】：R778

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