睡眠呼吸暂停综合症的检测与远程监护

发布时间：2018-03-21 01:38

本文选题：睡眠呼吸暂停综合症(SAS)　切入点：简易检测　出处：《华南理工大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：睡眠呼吸暂停综合症(SAS)是一种发病率较高的睡眠呼吸疾病,严重影响人的身体健康。临床检测SAS的权威方法是采用多导睡眠图,需在医院进行至少7小时的睡眠监测,且价格较昂贵,不易普及。本文研究设计一种适用于家庭的简易型SAS检测方法,采集呼吸和容积脉搏波等生理信号,利用LabVIEW软件对信号进行分析处理得到呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI),实现对SAS的检测和病情分级,通过互联网实现远程监护。该检测方法简单易用、成本低,可用于SAS的初步筛查及术后监护,有助于睡眠呼吸暂停综合症检测的普及。设计了实时采集呼吸信号和容积脉搏波等生理信息的检测模块。采用温度传感器获取呼吸信号,将热敏电阻贴于被测者鼻孔下方,根据感知温度的变化可求取呼吸波形的幅值和频率;容积脉搏波的检测采用无创透射方式,利用血氧探头采集被测者指尖容积波信号。上述方法与身体连线较少,可使被测者处于较自然的生理状态,保证了数据的有效性。将NI的PCI-6221数据采集卡与呼吸、容积脉搏波检测模块连接构成了简易型SAS检测装置。信号处理算法是基于虚拟仪器LabVIEW8.5编程实现的。获取呼吸、容积脉搏波信号后,通过对信号进行预处理及特征提取获得呼吸幅值、呼吸频率及血氧饱和度值,求取前N周期信号的平均值作为阈值。采用状态机设计模式进行呼吸暂停及低通气的判断,将求得的AHI与SAS轻重程度标准进行对比,即可得到是否患有SAS及SAS轻重程度等检测结果。利用LabVIEW强大的测量控制功能和图形化能力,还设计了检测界面、数据的存储、回放等实用功能。为了实现监护中心医护人员对被测者的远程监护,建立监护中心Access数据库,用于存储用户的个人信息及历史检测信息,方便医护人员了解被测者的情况。构建了医护人员与用户家中的实时信息交互链结,在用户端进行Web设置,将生成的网址输入监护中心计算机浏览器,可观察到信号波形和检测结果。医护人员通过LabSQL,可直接在LabVIEW中以调用子VI的方式实现对数据库的访问。
[Abstract]:Sleep apnea syndrome (Sas) is a high incidence of sleep apnea disease, which seriously affects the health of the human body. The authoritative method for clinical detection of SAS is to use polysomnography, which requires at least 7 hours of sleep monitoring in hospitals. This paper studies and designs a simple SAS detection method suitable for home, and collects physiological signals such as respiration and volume pulse wave. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was obtained by using LabVIEW software to analyze and process the signal. The detection and grading of SAS were realized, and remote monitoring was realized through the Internet. The method was simple and easy to use, and the cost was low. It can be used for the primary screening and postoperative monitoring of SAS, which is helpful to the popularization of sleep apnea syndrome detection. A real time detecting module of respiration signal and volumetric pulse wave is designed. The temperature sensor is used to acquire the respiratory signal, and the thermistor is attached to the nostril of the subject. The amplitude and frequency of respiratory wave can be obtained according to the change of perceptual temperature, the measurement of volume pulse wave is noninvasive transmission mode, and the blood oxygen probe is used to collect the measured finger tip volume wave signal. The PCI-6221 data acquisition card of NI is connected with the breathing module and the volume pulse wave detection module to form a simple SAS detection device. The signal processing algorithm is based on the virtual instrument LabVIEW8.5 programming. After obtaining the respiratory and volumetric pulse wave signals, the amplitude of respiration, respiratory frequency and oxygen saturation of blood are obtained by preprocessing and feature extraction of the signals. The average value of pre-N periodic signal is taken as the threshold. The state machine design mode is used to judge apnea and hypopnea. The obtained AHI is compared with the standard of SAS severity. The test results of SAS and SAS degree can be obtained. Using the powerful measurement control function and graphic ability of LabVIEW, the practical functions such as detection interface, data storage, playback and so on are designed. In order to realize the remote monitoring of the subjects by the medical staff in the monitoring center, the Access database of the monitoring center is established, which is used to store the personal information and the historical information of the users. The real-time information exchange link between the medical staff and the user's home is constructed, the Web is set up on the user side, and the generated web address is input into the computer browser of the monitoring center. Through LabSQL, medical staff can directly access the database by calling sub-VI in LabVIEW.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R766

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