儿童变应性鼻炎临床特点分析及相关问题调查

发布时间：2018-04-10 13:53

本文选题：鼻炎 + 变应性　；参考：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的探讨15岁及以下儿童变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis, AR)患者的临床表现,诱因,伴发症,家族史及生活质量情况,分析不同年龄段临床特点,为提高儿童AR患者的综合诊疗提供临床依据。方法2008年6月至2010年6月对148例确诊为儿童AR患者进行问卷调查及鼻腔专科检查,100分制视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale, VAS)作为症状调查量表评价症状的严重程度,将所调查对象分组为-6岁学龄前儿童组(A组,n=43)、-15岁学龄儿童组(B组,n=105),单个样本各症状严重程度横向对比减小主观因素后对两组症状特点进行比较,应用SPSS13.0完成统计分析。结果儿童AR患者中喷嚏、鼻涕、鼻堵、鼻痒的发生率分别为89.19%(132/148)、93.24%(138/148)、91.89%(136/148)、73.65%(109/148),眼痒、充血、肿胀、流泪的发生率分别为79.73%(118/148)、41.89%(62/148)、22.30%(33/148)、41.22%(61/148),憋气、喘息、咳嗽、胸部压迫感发生率分别为12.84%(19/148)、5.41%(8/148)、47.30%(70/148)、4.05%(6/148)。A组患儿以鼻堵为最严重症状发生率高于B组,差异具有统计学意义(x2=29.194,P0.05),喷嚏、鼻痒两组间无明显差异(x2=0.464,x2=0.046,P0.05),B组以鼻涕为最严重症状发生率高于A组,差异有统计学意义(x2=16.904,P0.05),伴发眼部症状发生率者两组间无差异(x2=0.086,P0.05),伴发咳嗽症状发生率A组高于B组,差异有统计学意义(x2=12.277,P0.05)。分型分析表明A组以轻度间歇性AR为主,B组以中重度持续性为主,差异具有统计学意义(x2=22.644,x2=26.515,P0.05)。148例患儿中认为长期感冒、被动吸烟、家庭装修、气候、环境变化为AR诱因者分别为22.30%(33/148),0%(0/148),5.41%(8/148),16.22%(24/148),3.38%(5/148),其他4.73%(7/148),无明显诱因者47.96%(71/148)。父母一方或双方有过敏史者11.47%(17/148)。因AR症状影响睡眠质量者66.22%(98/148),难于集中注意力者占62.16%(92/148)。结论6岁及6岁以下儿童AR与6岁以上儿童AR临床表现特点不相同,获得了儿童AR伴发症状、诱因等临床资料,为提高儿童AR综合诊疗水平提供参考。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the clinical manifestation, inducement, associated disease, family history and quality of life of children aged 15 years or younger with allergic rhinitis (ARG), to analyze the clinical characteristics of different age groups, and to provide clinical basis for improving the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of children with AR.Methods from June 2008 to June 2010, 148 children with AR were investigated by questionnaire and nasal examination. Visual analogue scale (vas) was used to evaluate the severity of symptoms.The subjects were divided into group A (group A) and group B (group B). The symptom characteristics of each group were compared by SPSS13.0.There was no difference in the incidence of ocular symptoms between the two groups. The incidence of cough symptoms in group A was higher than that in group B, and the difference was statistically significant.Type analysis showed that mild intermittent AR was dominant in group A and moderate to severe persistence in group B, and the difference was statistically significant in 148 children with chronic cold, passive smoking, family decoration and climate, and the difference was statistically significant in 148 cases of children with chronic cold, passive smoking, family decoration, and climate.One or both parents had a history of allergies.Those with AR symptoms affected sleep quality by 98 / 148, and those with difficulty concentrating accounted for 62.16 / 92 / 148.Conclusion the clinical manifestations of AR in children aged 6 and below are different from those in children over 6 years of age. The clinical data such as symptoms and inducements of AR in children are obtained, which provides a reference for improving the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment level of AR in children.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R765.21

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