人工耳蜗植入儿童的声调识别及发声研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 02:16

本文选题：人工耳蜗 + 声调　；参考：《华东师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：声调在汉语普通话系统中具有区别意义的重要功能。临床发现,人工耳蜗植入儿童普遍存在声调异常现象,严重影响了其言语可懂度。本研究以2-4岁学龄前人工耳蜗植入儿童为研究对象,从声调识别和声调发声两方面入手,对其声调获得情况和表现特征进行了深入研究,并通过个案对此类儿童声调异常矫治的方法进行了初步探索。声调识别研究中,首先以2-4岁人工耳蜗植入儿童和健听儿童为研究对象,采用2×3×4三因素混合实验设计,比较了两类儿童在不同信噪比(安静、+12dB、+6dB、0dB)下的声调识别能力。结果表明：(1)人工耳蜗植入儿童的声调识别能力显著低于健听儿童；(2)人工耳蜗植入儿童的声调识别更容易受到背景噪声的影响；(3)2-4岁人工耳蜗植入儿童和健听儿童声调识别好坏与年龄无关。接着,我们从六种不同声调组合和四种不同调类出发,对人工耳蜗植入儿童的声调识别进行了难度分析。发现：(1)人工耳蜗植入儿童较容易识别一声与其他三种声调的组合,二声、三声、四声的两两组合较难识别,这与健听儿童表现出的难度顺序相同；(2)人工耳蜗植入儿童识别一声最容易,其次是二声和三声,最难识别的是四声,这与健听儿童一声、四声、三声、二声的难度顺序有所不同。声调发声研究中,通过人工耳蜗植入儿童与健听儿童声调发声能力的比较发现：(1)人工耳蜗植入儿童的声调发声能力显著低于健听儿童；(2)两类儿童的声调发声准确率并不没有随着年龄增长而显著提高。通过主观听感知判断,发现人工耳蜗植入儿童在汉语四种声调表达的准确性上有统计学上的显著性差异,表现为一声和四声较容易,其次是三声,最难的是二声。进一步通过主观听感知判断和声学分析相结合的手段,发现人工耳蜗植入儿童习惯性以较容易的声调替代较难的声调,其中以一声替代其他声调出现的几率最大,三声替代二声也常有出现,也有部分患儿会用较难发的二声来替代三声。从基频曲线上看,人工耳蜗植入儿童一声和四声的基频曲线走向相对稳定,二声和三声多表现为杂乱无章,每种声调都有几种典型的错误类型。最后,本研究通过个案探讨了人工耳蜗植入儿童声调异常的矫治方法。初步证明,通过系统的强化训练,此类儿童的声调识别及发声能力是能够达到同龄健听儿童水平的。
[Abstract]:Tone plays an important role in Chinese Putonghua system.It is found that abnormal tone is common in cochlear implant children, which seriously affects their speech intelligibility.In this study, children aged 2-4 years old with cochlear implants were studied in terms of tone recognition and tone phonation.The method of correction of the abnormal tone of this kind of children was explored by a case study.In the study of tone recognition, the tonal recognition ability of two groups of children with different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (quiet, 12 dB, 6 dB) was compared by using a 2 脳 3 脳 4 mixed experimental design with 2 ~ 4 years old cochlear implant children and healthy hearing children as the subjects.The results showed that the tone recognition ability of children with cochlear implants was significantly lower than that of children with normal hearing. The tone recognition of children with cochlear implants was more affected by background noise than that of children with cochlear implants aged from 2 to 4 years.Tone recognition has nothing to do with age.Then, from six different tone combinations and four different tone types, we analyze the difficulty of tone recognition in cochlear implant children.It was found that children with cochlear implants were more likely to recognize the combination of one sound and the other three tones, two, three and four.This is the same order of difficulty as that of hearing children. (2) Cochlear implants are the easiest to recognize one, followed by two and three, and the most difficult to recognize are four, one, four and three.The order of difficulty of the second sound is different.In the study of tone phonation,The comparison of tone phonation ability between children with cochlear implant and children with normal hearing found that the tonal phonation ability of cochlear implant children was significantly lower than that of healthy children (2) the accuracy rate of tone phonation in the two groups of children was not less than that in years.Age increased significantly.Through subjective auditory perception judgment, it was found that cochlear implant children had statistically significant differences in the accuracy of the expression of the four tones in Chinese, showing that one and four sounds were easier, followed by three, and the most difficult was the second.Through the combination of subjective auditory perception judgment and acoustic analysis, it was found that children with cochlear implants used to replace difficult tones with easier tones, and the probability of replacing other tones with one sound was the highest.Three-tone replacement two also often appear, also some children will use the more difficult two to replace the three.From the basic frequency curve, the basic frequency curve of cochlear implant in children with one sound and four sound is relatively stable, the second and third tones are disorderly, and there are several typical types of errors in each tone.Finally, the method of correction of tone abnormality in children with cochlear implantation was discussed.It is preliminarily proved that the tone recognition and phonation ability of this kind of children can reach the level of hearing children of the same age through systematic intensive training.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R764

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