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角膜屈光手术前后角膜形态与角膜像差及像差补偿关系的研究

发布时间:2018-04-13 05:26

  本文选题:近视 + 角膜形状 ; 参考:《天津医科大学》2011年硕士论文


【摘要】:目的:研究角膜前表面形态与角膜高阶像差间的相关关系,及角膜屈光手术前后角膜像差与全眼像差的变化与作用机制。 方法:横断面研究,随机收集本中心近视患者57例(57眼)。用Pentacam三维眼前节分析诊断系统(Oculus GmbH, Wetzlar,德国)获取角膜表面变异系数(index of surface variance, ISV),角膜高度的非对称指数(index of height asymmetry, IHA)、角膜前表面的非球面系数(Q值)及角膜像差。采用SPSS统计学分析软件(17.0版)对各指数与角膜各高阶像差及各Zernike项之间的关系进行Pearson相关分析。另前瞻性研究,随机收集行机械法准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(Epipolis laser in keratomileusis, Epi-LASIK)近视眼患者31例(31眼),用Wavescan波前像差仪(VISX, Santa Clara, CA, USA)测量全眼像差,采用配对t检验比较手术前后各项像差的变化,独立样本t检验比较角膜和全眼像差的差异,逐步回归分析手术前后总高阶像差以及补偿因子影响最大的像差项。以P0.05表示有统计学意义。 结果: 1.近视眼患者整体像差特征:近视眼患者Sh、Z31及Z40在角膜与全眼差异有统计学意义(P=0.000, P=0.017, P=0.000)。Z3-1在角膜与全眼差异无统计学意义(P=0.202)。总高阶像差补偿因子的逐步回归方程为:CF(Sh)=0.033+0.466Z40(全眼)+0.048Z3-1(全眼)。总高阶像差的逐步回归方程为:RMS (Sh)=0.162+0.740Z3-1(全眼)+0.492Z40(全眼)。 2.角膜形态指标与角膜像差作用机制:①ISV与垂直彗差(Z3-1)、水平彗差(Z31)呈正相关(r=0.389,P=0.003; r=0.594, P=0.000),与球差(Z40)呈负相关(r=-0.400,P=0.002)。ISV与角膜第三阶高阶像差(S3)呈正相关(r=0.683,P=0.000),与角膜第四阶高阶像差(S4)呈负相关(r=-0.373,P=0.004)。②IHA与Z3-1呈正相关(r=0.446,P=0.001),与角膜S3呈正相关(r=0.445,P=0.001)。③Q值与Z40呈正相关(r-=0.849,P=0.000),与角膜S4呈明显正相关(r=0.761, P=0.000)。ISV与Q值呈负相关(r=-0.508,P=0.000)。 3.角膜屈光手术前后角膜与全眼像差变化及补偿机制:①总高阶像差Sh在角膜、全眼均较术前显著增加(P--0.000,P=0.000)。垂直彗差Z3-1在角膜和全眼均较术前显著增加(P=0.000,P=0.000)。水平彗差Z31在角膜与全眼均较术前显著增加(P=0.001,P=0.002)。球差Z40在角膜、全眼均较术前显著增加(P=0.000,P=0.000)。术后Sh、Z3-1、Z40在角膜与全眼差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000)。术后Z31在角膜与全眼差异无统计学意义(P=0.064)。②角膜屈光手术后总高阶CF的逐步回归方程是:CF (Sh)=0.272+0.170Z40+0.112Z3-1。术后总高阶像差逐步回归方程:RMS (Sh)=0.095+0.427Z40(全眼)+0.352Z3-1(全眼)+0.252Z31(全眼)+0.201Sh(角膜)。 结论: 1.角膜形态与角膜像差作用分析:①角膜曲率作为角膜形态因素之一,其变异程度与角膜Z3-1、Z31以及Z40。密切相关,ISV结合柱镜度可以为临床医生从角膜形态推断角膜高阶像差以及可能的视觉质量提供一定的理论依据。②IHA、角膜Z3-1等参数可作为角膜上下高度不对称的角膜疾病的辅助诊断指标。③基于本研究ISV与Q值以及球差的相关关系,提示形态因子ISV也可作为选择Q值引导角膜屈光手术的参考指标之一。 2.角膜屈光手术前后角膜与全眼像差变化及补偿机制:①通过角膜像差与全眼像差的分布,可以初步估计其补偿或迭加,而补偿因子的计算能够具体描述个体补偿能力的强弱。②角膜屈光手术后眼内对角膜垂直彗差补偿能力增强。③在将角膜和全眼的Z3-1,Z31,Z40纳入总高阶像差的回归分析时,对总高阶像差补偿能力贡献越弱的像差项,对全眼总高阶像差影响相对较大。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the corneal surface morphology and the relationship between corneal higher-order aberrations, changes of corneal aberration and ocular aberration and mechanism before and after corneal refractive surgery.
Methods: a cross-sectional study, 57 cases were randomly collected from the center of myopic patients (57 eyes). Analysis of diagnostic system of Pentacam anterior segment (Oculus GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) to obtain the corneal surface coefficient of variation (index of surface variance, ISV), non symmetry index (index of height corneal height asymmetry, IHA), non the surface of the anterior corneal spherical coefficient (Q value) and corneal aberration. Using SPSS statistical analysis software (version 17) by Pearson analysis of the relationship between the index and the corneal aberrations and Zernike. Other prospective studies were collected for Epipolis laser epithelial keratomileusis (Epipolis laser in keratomileusis, Epi-LASIK) in 31 cases of myopia patients (31 eyes), Wavescan aberrometer (VISX Santa, Clara, CA, USA) measurement of ocular aberrations, paired t test to compare the aberrations before and after surgery, alone Independent samples t test comparison between corneal and ocular aberrations, stepwise regression analysis before and after the operation of total higher order aberrations and the compensation factor. The largest aberration in P0.05 was statistically significant.
Result锛,

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