人体眼部紫外线暴露定量的数学模型研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 23:27

本文选题：紫外线 + 定量　；参考：《中国医科大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 前言臭氧层破坏这一重大环境问题提出后,紫外线气候变化引发的皮肤癌和白内障这两个主要公共健康问题倍受国际社会关注。大量的流行病学研究和紫外线暴露评价调查都指出紫外线是引起白内障的重要危险因素,眼部紫外线暴露剂量的准确定量是评价紫外线致白内障危险性的关键。由于眼部紫外线暴露的影响因素较多,包括太阳高度角、海拔、地面反射、天空散射和面部解剖特征等,因此长期以来,个体眼部紫外线暴露的定量一直受到较大的限制。事实上,暴露于天然紫外线辐射场的个体,不仅与其眼部暴露朝向有关,同时还受到眼眶、眉弓、鼻梁和颊部等面部结构的影响。此外,人们还具有主动回避强太阳光线的本能,也正是因为这些复杂因素限制了我们对眼部紫外线暴露剂量的精确评价,成为眼部紫外线暴露致白内障研究与预防的瓶颈问题。为解决这一问题,以人一生眼睛面对各方位的概率基本均等为研究的出发点,研制了旋转式眼部紫外线暴露模型。在本次研究中,将选用此模型在太阳高度角最高值可达到90°的三亚地区进行实地监测,获得人群眼部紫外线暴露的日间分布规律。根据眼部接收紫外线时太阳高度角及眼视角的几何光学关系,结合环境紫外线辐射水平、以实地监测数据为修正依据,建立可用于计算个体眼紫外线累积暴露剂量的数学模型。该模型综合考虑了地区变化,户外活动方式变动等因素,将环境紫外线辐射量转换成眼部紫外线暴露量,可以替代旋转式眼部紫外线暴露模型实地监测,较为准确和方便地获得各地人群眼部紫外线的暴露情况,为客观准确的预测和评价眼部紫外线暴露剂量致白内障的危险性提供依据。方法 1、选择三亚太阳高度角最高和最低日前后一周,晴朗天气下,采用个体紫外线旋转模型进行实地监测,所得数据绘制曲线图,得到眼部紫外线暴露日间变化规律。 2、同时分析眼部紫外线暴露的几何光学特征,依据环境紫外线辐射量的计算方法,通过引入参数调整,将其转化为眼部紫外线的暴露量,建立眼紫外线暴露定量的数学模型。 3、数序模型计算所得眼紫外线暴露剂量与实际监测所得暴露剂量进行比较分析,检验数学模型的准确性。结果 1、分别用两种公式计算环境紫外线辐射量,并于实测数据分析比较,得到较接近实测数据的环境紫外线辐射定量的公式,作为眼部紫外线暴露定量数学模型的基础公式。 2、根据人体静态眼部紫外线暴露光学特征,构建人体眼部紫外线暴露定量的数学模型,并引入UFOV和Ee两个参数,初步建立人体眼部紫外线暴露瞬间强度数学模型。并将该模型所拟合的理论结果与同时同地监测实测数据比较,二者基本一致。 3、根据人体动态眼部紫外线暴露光学特征,建立人体眼部紫外线累积暴露剂量的数学模型,编辑成计算机程序。通过验证,该数学模型准确、可行,可用于评估其他地区人群眼部紫外线日间暴露累积剂量。 4、通过数学模型计算,太阳高度角是眼部紫外线暴露量的主要影响因素,太阳高度角40°附近时眼部紫外线暴露量最大。结论 1、研究建立了眼部紫外线暴露定量的数学模型： 2、本研究通过眼部紫外线暴露瞬间强度数学模型计算得出：在太阳高度角40°左右时,进入眼部紫外线暴露量最大。 3、本研究所建立的个体眼紫外线累积暴露剂量的数学模型经证实准确、可行,可以将其编辑成计算机软件程序,用于预测和评估其他地区人群眼部紫外线日间暴露累积剂量。
[Abstract]:Foreword

In fact , exposure to natural UV radiation is a key risk factor for cataract . In fact , exposure to natural UV radiation is a key factor in the assessment of the risk of UV - induced cataract . In fact , the exposure to natural UV radiation has long been affected by exposure to ultraviolet rays .

In order to solve this problem , a rotary ocular ultraviolet exposure model is developed . In this study , a mathematical model is developed for the calculation of the exposure dose of ultraviolet radiation in the eyes of the population . In this study , a mathematical model can be used to calculate the exposure dose of ultraviolet radiation in the eyes of the population . The model comprehensively considers factors such as region change , variation of outdoor activities , and establishes a mathematical model which can be used to calculate the exposure dose of ultraviolet radiation in the individual eyes .

method

1 . Select the maximum height angle of the Sanya Sun and one week after the lowest date , and use the individual ultraviolet rotation model to carry out the field monitoring under clear weather , and draw a graph to obtain the variation law of the ultraviolet exposure of the eye .

2 . At the same time , the geometric and optical characteristics of UV exposure of eyes were analyzed . According to the calculation method of ultraviolet radiation quantity of environment , the mathematical model of ocular ultraviolet exposure was established by introducing parameter adjustment , converting it into exposure to ultraviolet rays of the eye .

and 3 , comparing and analyzing the exposure dose of the obtained eye ultraviolet light exposure dose and the actual monitored exposure dose , and verifying the accuracy of the mathematical model .

Results

1 . The ultraviolet radiation quantity of the two kinds of formulas is used to calculate the ultraviolet radiation quantity of the environment , and the formula for the quantitative mathematical model of ultraviolet radiation of the eye is obtained as the basic formula for the quantitative mathematical model of the ultraviolet exposure of the eye .

2 . Based on the optical characteristics of human body ' s static ocular ultraviolet exposure , a mathematical model of UV exposure quantification of human eyes was constructed , and the mathematical model of instantaneous intensity of ultraviolet exposure of human eyes was established . The theoretical results of the model were compared with the measured data at the same time .

and 3 , establishing a mathematical model of a human eye ultraviolet cumulative exposure dose according to the dynamic ocular ultraviolet exposure optical characteristic of the human body , and editing the computer program to be a computer program ; and through verification , the mathematical model is accurate and feasible , and can be used for evaluating the cumulative dose of ultraviolet rays of eyes of the eyes of other regions .

4 . According to the mathematical model , the solar altitude angle is the main influencing factor of the UV exposure of the eye , and the UV exposure of the eye is the largest near 40 掳 of the solar altitude .

Conclusion

1 . The quantitative mathematical model of ocular ultraviolet exposure was established .

2 . Based on the mathematical model of the instantaneous intensity of UV exposure in eyes , the UV exposure of the eyes was the largest when the solar altitude angle was about 40 掳 .

3 . The mathematical model of the cumulative exposure dose of the individual eyes established by the Institute is proved to be accurate and feasible , and can be edited into a computer software program for predicting and evaluating the cumulative dose of ultraviolet rays in the eyes of other regions .

【学位授予单位】：中国医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R776.1

【参考文献】