陕西省农村人群盲和低视力患病率的调查研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 13:35

本文选题：盲 + 低视力　；参考：《眼科新进展》2014年07期

【摘要】：目的调查陕西省农村以自然人群为基础的盲、低视力的患病率及其原因。方法2010年7月至2012年7月采用分层整群随机抽样法在陕西省留坝县、黄陵县、蓝田县调查4110人,所有受检人员均进行标准问卷调查及详细的眼科检查,包括应用标准对数视力表(Log MAR)检查远、近视力,日常生活视力;若受检者视力低于1.0,加针孔板记录针孔视力,根据WHO标准诊断盲和低视力患病率。结果共有3494人完成了标准问卷及详细的眼科检查,应答率为85.0%。盲和低视力的患病率分别为1.0%和4.8%,其中女性盲的患病率为0.9%,男性为1.1%,男性高于女性;女性低视力的患病率为5.0%,男性为4.4%,女性高于男性(P=0.658),盲和低视力的患病率性别差异均无统计学意义(均为P0.05)。盲和低视力的患病率随年龄的增加而显著增加(P0.01)、随文化程度的增高而降低(P0.01)。盲的主要原因是白内障、角膜病变、青光眼,分别占58.8%、11.8%、5.9%;低视力的主要原因是白内障、高度近视性视网膜病变和屈光不正,分别占61.6%、10.8%和9.6%。结论陕西省农村以自然人群为基础的盲、低视力的患病率均较高,随着年龄的增加而增加,随着文化程度的增高而降低;白内障是导致盲和低视力的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence and causes of blindness and low vision in rural areas of Shaanxi Province based on natural population. Methods from July 2010 to July 2012, 4110 people were investigated in Liuba County, Huangling County and Lantian County, Shaanxi Province by stratified cluster random sampling method. All the subjects were investigated with standard questionnaire and detailed ophthalmic examination. The standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was used to check the distance, near vision and daily life visual acuity. If the visual acuity was less than 1.0, the pinhole visual acuity was recorded with pinhole plate, and the prevalence of blindness and low vision was diagnosed according to WHO standard. Results A total of 3494 people completed the standard questionnaire and detailed ophthalmic examination, and the response rate was 85.0. The prevalence of blindness and low vision were 1.0% and 4.8%, respectively. The prevalence rate of female blindness was 0.9 and that of male was 1.1%, and that of male was higher than that of female. The prevalence rate of low vision was 5.0% in female and 4.4 in male. The prevalence of blindness and low vision in female was higher than that in male (P 0.05). The prevalence of blindness and low vision increased significantly with the increase of age and decreased with the increase of education level. The main causes of blindness were cataract, keratopathy and glaucoma, accounting for 58.8% and 5.9%, respectively, and the main causes of low vision were cataract, high myopic retinopathy and ametropia, accounting for 61.6% and 9.6%, respectively. Conclusion the prevalence of blindness based on natural population in rural areas of Shaanxi Province is higher and the prevalence of low vision increases with age and decreases with the increase of education. Cataract is the main cause of blindness and low vision.
【作者单位】：西安医学院第二附属医院;西安交通大学第二附属医院眼科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助(编号:81100665) 陕西省科技厅项目(编号:2011K14-02-07、2013KJXX-31) 陕西省卫生厅项目(编号:2010D56) 陕西省教育厅项目(编号:2010JK807、2013JK0798) 西安医学院校级项目(编号:10FC01) 西安医学院第二附属医院院级项目(编号:10EFYFC01)~~
【分类号】：R774

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