安徽省喉全切除术后患者的生活质量和喉功能康复现状研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 21:33

本文选题：生活质量 + 喉全切除　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的评估安徽省行喉全切除术后患者的生活质量(quality of life,QOL)及喉功能康复现状,分析不同背景患者的康复差异,讨论其相关影响因素,并提出相应对策。方法采用生活质量综合评定问卷和喉全切除后喉功能康复情况调查表对我省75例行喉全切除术的患者和60例健康人的生活质量的各个方面及喉功能情况进行回顾性调查研究并评分。同时将75例行喉全切除术的患者按年龄、学历、居住环境等不同背景进行分组,比对其生活质量及喉功能康复情况。采用Excel2003进行数据录入、数据汇总,计算各因子分和总分,使用SPSS13.0完成统计学分析。结果①喉全切除术后患者的生活质量,在躯体、心理、社会功能方面显著差于健康人。喉功能方面,吞咽及呼吸功能较健康人略差,语言功能很差。本组75位喉全切除患者中,有39人语言功能几乎完全丧失,只能通过写字、打手势、唇语等辅助方式交流;其余的36人中,只有13人能够基本通过语言与别人进行正常交流,另23人能够发出含混不清的短音节并配合写字、打手势等方式与人交流。在能够发音的36人中, 29人为食管发音,4人通过发音重建手术发音,3人使用人工喉发音。29名使用食管发音的患者中,24人未经专人培训,自行练习学会发音;5人经过专人培训学会发音。②60岁以下,高中以上文凭,长住城镇的行喉全切除术患者的术后生活质量,在经济生活及工作娱乐等方面优于60岁以上,高中以下文凭,长住农村的患者;在心理功能维度,前者显著差于后者。在喉功能方面,60岁以下,高中以上文凭,长住城镇患者的康复现状相对较好。结论安徽省行喉全切除术后患者的生活质量较差;喉功能康复现状不佳,特别是语言康复现状很差。不同背景的患者生活质量及喉功能康复情况亦有明显差异。应充分认识到我省喉全切除术后患者的生活质量和喉功能康复现状以及各种影响因素,尽早通过临床干预、社会支持、家庭理解和照顾、患者自身的积极应对以及个体化康复指导,使其生活质量以及喉功能康复现状得到进一步改善。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) and laryngeal rehabilitation status of patients undergoing total laryngectomy in Anhui Province, analyze the difference of rehabilitation among patients with different backgrounds, discuss the related factors and put forward corresponding countermeasures. Methods the quality of life (QOL) and laryngeal function rehabilitation after total laryngectomy were reviewed in 75 patients with total laryngectomy and 60 healthy persons in our province. Sexual investigation and evaluation. At the same time, 75 patients with total laryngectomy were grouped according to their age, educational background and living environment to compare their quality of life and laryngeal function rehabilitation. Excel2003 is used for data entry, data collection, calculation of each factor score and total score, using SPSS13.0 to complete statistical analysis. Results 1 the quality of life of patients after total laryngectomy was worse than that of healthy persons in physical, psychological and social functions. Throat function, swallowing and respiratory function is slightly worse than healthy people, language function is very poor. Of the 75 patients with total laryngectomy, 39 had almost complete loss of language function and could only communicate by writing, gestures, lips, etc. Of the remaining 36 patients, only 13 people were able to communicate normally with others basically through language. Another 23 people were able to communicate with people with ambiguous short syllables and writing and gestures. Of the 36 people who were able to pronounce, 29 were for esophageal pronunciation, 4 were for surgery for pronunciation reconstruction, 3 were using artificial larynx. 24 of 29 patients with esophageal pronunciation were not trained. Five people who practiced and learned to pronounce themselves were trained by a special person to learn how to pronounce .260 years old, diploma in senior high school or above, quality of life of patients undergoing total laryngectomy in towns and cities after operation, and better than 60 years old in economic life, work and entertainment, etc. Diploma below high school, long-lived rural patients; in the psychological function dimension, the former is worse than the latter. In laryngeal function under 60 years old, high school diploma, long-term urban patients rehabilitation status is relatively good. Conclusion the quality of life of patients after total laryngectomy in Anhui Province is poor, and the current situation of laryngeal function rehabilitation, especially speech rehabilitation, is poor. There were also significant differences in quality of life and laryngeal function rehabilitation among patients with different backgrounds. We should fully recognize the present situation of quality of life and laryngeal function rehabilitation after total laryngectomy in our province, as well as the various influencing factors, and adopt clinical intervention, social support, family understanding and care as soon as possible, Patients' quality of life and laryngeal function rehabilitation were further improved by positive coping and individualized rehabilitation guidance.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R739.65

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