磁共振水成像技术对内耳的成像研究及应用

发布时间：2018-07-06 08:21

本文选题：内耳 + 磁共振水成像　；参考：《新疆医科大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：探讨磁共振水成像技术(Magnetic resonance hydrography MRH)的三种后处理方法,即多平面重建(MPR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、容积再现(VR)对内耳显示分别有各自优势,为不同内耳原因导致的感音神经性耳聋(SNHL)选择简单、合理、有效的扫描序列和最佳后处理方法,为临床无创评估内耳病变及诊断治疗提供客观有效的影像学依据。方法：对80例无听力障碍的正常人及45例临床确诊为SNHL的患者行高分辨率三维快速自旋回波T2加权序列(3D TSE T2WI)行横断面扫描,然后行3D TSE T2WI双侧斜矢状面扫描。对45例SNHL患者加扫T1WI,若该序列显示有异常信号则行T1WI扫描。数据采集后传至工作站利用ViewForum后处理软件行MPR、MIP、VR重建。观察正常内耳及内听道解剖结构的显示情况,并进行测量。应用统计学方法对测量值及不同后处理技术对内耳各解剖结构评分,分别行组间及不同后处理方法间的差异性检验。结果：(1)正常志愿者组80例160耳均能清晰地显示耳蜗前庭神经、面神经、蜗神经及内耳膜迷路的细微解剖结构。(2)VR、MIP测量前、水平、后半规管最大径及管径,蜗管管径及最大径差异有统计学意义；VR、MIP图像质量的差异有统计学意义；VR、MIP、MPR显示膜迷路诸结构及神经的能力的差异具有统计学意义；(3)45例病人中MRI内耳发现有9例异常(阳性率20%),共7种病变,其中儿童(小于14岁)以先天性异常-前庭导水管扩大(3例)最常见。结论：(1)内听道及膜迷路的细微结构可利用磁共振内耳水成像技术得以立体而直观的显示,具有其他方法不可替代的作用；(2)MRH对SNHL病因的诊断有很好的指导作用,是有效的影像学检查方法；(3)在多种内耳水成像技术的后处理方法中,MPR在显示神经方面具有优势,VR在观察膜迷路形态方面更具优势,其图像更清晰,与周围结构的毗邻关系显示的更加确切,能对内耳形态是否具有改变进行更有效地评估。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the advantages of three post-processing methods in magnetic resonance hydrography MRH, I. e., multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), maximum intensity projection (MIP) and volume rendering (VR). For sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) caused by different inner ear causes, simple, reasonable, effective scanning sequence and the best post-processing method were selected, which provided objective and effective imaging basis for clinical non-invasive evaluation and diagnosis and treatment of inner ear lesions. Methods: high resolution 3D fast spin echo T 2WI (3D TSE T 2WI) was performed on 80 normal subjects without hearing impairment and 45 patients with SNHL. Then the bilateral oblique sagittal scan was performed on 3D TSE T 2WI. T1WI was performed in 45 patients with SNHL. The data was collected and transferred to the workstation to reconstruct the data using the View Forum post-processing software line MPR-MIPPU VR. The anatomical structure of normal inner ear and internal auditory canal was observed and measured. The anatomic structures of the inner ear were scored by statistical method and different post-processing techniques were used to test the differences between groups and different post-processing methods. Results: (1) the fine anatomical structures of vestibular nerve, facial nerve, cochlear nerve and inner ear membrane labyrinth could be clearly displayed in 80 normal volunteers group (n = 80). (2) the maximum diameter and diameter of posterior semicircular canal before, at, and in posterior semicircular canal were measured by VRMIP. There were statistically significant differences in the diameter and maximum diameter of the cochlear canal. There were significant differences in the image quality of VRN MIP. The MPR showed the structures and nerves of the membranous labyrinth with statistical significance. (3) among the 45 cases, 9 cases (20%) were abnormal in the inner ear of MRI, there were 7 kinds of lesions, among them, congenital abnormality (< 14 years old) was the most common in children (3 cases) with congenital abnormal vestibular aqueduct enlargement (3 cases). Conclusion: (1) the fine structures of internal auditory canal and membranous labyrinth can be displayed stereoscopically and intuitively by magnetic resonance inner ear imaging, and MRH can not be replaced by other methods. (2) MRH has a good guiding role in the diagnosis of SNHL. (3) MPR has an advantage in displaying nerves and VR has more advantages in observing the shape of membranous labyrinth, and its image is clearer in many post-processing methods of inner ear water imaging. The contiguous relationship with the surrounding structure is more accurate and can be used to evaluate the shape of the inner ear more effectively.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R764

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