老年人视力损害状况及社会支持对其生存质量影响的研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 16:47

【摘要】：目的了解老年人群视力损害的患病率、病因以及老年人眼病谱随社会发展的改变情况,探讨视力损害对健康相关生存质量的影响,评估社会支持对视力损害老年人生存质量的作用。方法选取2009年6月—2012年12月在我院行健康体检及住院疗养的老年人为研究对象,年龄≥70岁。对受检者进行眼科检查,分别采用健康相关生存质量简明量表(SF-12)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对老年人群生存质量及社会支持的作用进行评估。结果 2 111例老年人中,视力损害者986例(46.70%);其中轻度594例(60.24%),中度278例(28.20%),重度114例(11.56%)。视力损害性眼病前3位分别是白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性和青光眼。视力损害人群SF-12健康生存质量各维度得分均比视力正常人群降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且随着视力损害程度的加重而愈加下降明显。控制社会人口特征的混杂影响后,社会支持3个维度(包括主观支持、客观支持及支持利用度)使躯体活动功能(SF)、情感对角色功能限制(RE)以及心理健康方面(MCS)和身体健康方面(PCS)的OR值均大于1.0(P0.05);同时不同来源的社会支持对生存质量各领域的影响也不同。结论在我国老年人群中视力损害的发生率还是较高的,且随着社会经济的发展,老年人的眼病谱发生了变化。老年人的视力损害直接影响着生存质量,生存质量可通过预防、及时治疗眼病以及更多的社会支持加以改善。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the incidence of visual impairment in the elderly, the etiology and the changes of the elderly eye disease spectrum with social development, to explore the effect of visual impairment on the health related quality of life, and to evaluate the effect of social support on the quality of life of the elderly in the visual impairment. Methods selected from June 2009 to December 2012 were selected in our hospital for physical examination and residence. The elderly people were more than 70 years old in hospital convalescence. The subjects were examined by the health related quality of life scale (SF-12), and the social support rating scale (SSRS) was used to evaluate the quality of life and social support in the elderly. Among the 2111 elderly, 986 cases of visual impairment (46.70%); Mild 594 cases (60.24%), moderate 278 cases (28.20%) and severe 114 cases (11.56%). The first 3 were cataract, age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. The scores of SF-12 healthy quality of life in the visual impaired people were lower than those in the normal visual acuity group (P0.05), and with the degree of visual impairment. The 3 dimensions of social support (including subjective support, objective support and support utilization) made physical activity (SF), emotion to role function restriction (RE), psychological health (MCS) and physical health (PCS) were greater than 1 (P0.05), and at the same time, at the same time. The effect of social support on the quality of life in various fields is also different. Conclusion the incidence of visual impairment in the elderly is still higher in our country, and with the development of the social and economic development, the eye disease spectrum of the elderly has changed. The visual impairment of the elderly directly affects the quality of life, the quality of life can be prevented and timely treatment of eye diseases. And more social support to improve.
【作者单位】：浙江省人民医院眼科;
【基金】：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2009B016)
【分类号】：R770.421

【共引文献】