机械性眼外伤的回顾性研究

发布时间：2018-08-04 17:21

【摘要】：目的：通过对我院2004年-2009年收入院治疗的731例机械性眼外伤的病例(包括军人病例),进行回顾性统计及分析,探讨了其发生的相关危险因素、影响视力预后的因素及防治的方法和意义。方法：对兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院2004年1月1日-2009年1月1日之间住院的731例机械性眼外伤病例,进行记录和统计分析患者的各种相关因素,如年龄、性别、职业、族别、受伤地点、受伤原因、到我院就诊时间、并发症、入院及出院视力、治疗方法等。结果：2004年-2009年我院住院治疗机械性眼外伤人数呈增高趋势,民族以汉族为主,有656例(占89.47%)；男女比例约为7：1,发病高峰年龄在15-45岁,军人患者几乎全部为男性,发病高发年龄为19-22岁；患者大多来自农村、工厂及基层部队,以农民、战士和工人为主;常发生于公共场所、工厂、基层部队及家庭,钝器伤多为致伤原因,6-9月份为高发时间。731例患者钝挫伤266例(290眼)占(36.43%),穿通伤153例(167眼)占(20.98%)；最常见合并症为外伤性白内障和前房积血。治疗方式：手术及保守药物相关治疗,手术多以角巩膜裂伤缝合、玻璃体切除联合其他相关的手术为最多,视力的提高具有显著性(P=0.0001)。主要影响视力预后的因素是：年龄(P=0.001)、职业(P=0.02)、致伤原因(P0.001)、眼外伤类型(P0.001)和是否手术治疗(P0.001)。结论：1、2004年-2009年我院住院治疗机械性眼外伤人数呈增高趋势,多以青壮年男性为主,汉族较多,以钝挫伤及穿通伤两种类型常见,合并症以外伤性白内障及前房积血最多见。2、2004-2009年我院住院治疗机械性眼外伤以钝器伤和锐器伤为最常见的致伤原因,受伤地点常发生于工厂、军营、公共场所和家庭,6-8月份为高发时间。3、军人眼外伤以青壮年男性官兵为主,主要为军事训练相关性眼外伤。4、2004-2009年主要影响我院住院治疗的机械性眼外伤视力预后的因素是：年龄、职业、致伤原因、眼外伤类型和是否手术治疗。
[Abstract]:Objective: through retrospective statistics and analysis of 731 cases of mechanical ocular trauma (including military cases) treated in our hospital from 2004 to 2009, the related risk factors were discussed. The factors influencing the prognosis of visual acuity and the methods and significance of prevention and treatment. Methods: a total of 731 cases of mechanical eye trauma hospitalized in Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou military region from January 2004 to January 1, 2009 were recorded and statistically analyzed for various related factors, such as age, sex, occupation, ethnicity, and so on. Location of injury, cause of injury, time to visit, complications, visual acuity in admission and discharge, treatment methods, etc. Results: from 2004 to 2009, the number of hospitalized patients with mechanical eye trauma in our hospital showed an increasing trend, 656 cases (89.47%) were mainly of Han nationality, the ratio of male to female was about 7: 1, the peak age was 15-45 years old, and almost all the patients were male. Most of the patients come from rural areas, factories and grass-roots units, mainly farmers, soldiers and workers. They often occur in public places, factories, grass-roots units and families. Blunt instrument injuries were mostly caused by trauma in June and September. Among the 731 cases, 266 cases (290 eyes) had blunt injuries, 153 cases (167 eyes) had penetrating injuries, and the most common complications were traumatic cataract and hyphema. Treatment methods: surgery and conservative drug related treatment, most of the operations were horn-scleral laceration suture, vitrectomy combined with other related surgery, the improvement of visual acuity was significant (P0. 0001). The main factors influencing the prognosis of visual acuity were age (P0.001), occupation (P0.02), cause of injury (P0.001), type of ocular trauma (P0.001) and surgical treatment (P0.001). Conclusion the number of hospitalized patients with mechanical eye trauma in our hospital from 2004 to 2009 showed an increasing trend, most of them were young and middle-aged men, and the Han nationality was more common, and blunt contusion and perforation injury were common types. Traumatic cataract and hyphema were the most common causes of traumatic cataract and hyphema in our hospital from 2004 to 2009. Blunt instrument injury and sharp instrument injury were the most common causes of ocular trauma in our hospital from 2004 to 2009. The injured sites often occurred in factories and military camps. In June to August, the time of high incidence of ocular trauma in public places and families was .3.The main factors influencing the prognosis of mechanical ocular trauma in our hospital from 2004 to 2009 were: age, the main factors affecting the prognosis of mechanical ocular trauma in our hospital were young and middle-aged male officers and soldiers, mainly military training-related ocular trauma. Occupation, cause of injury, type of ocular trauma and surgical treatment.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R779.1

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