2010年中国新生儿听力筛查覆盖率与管理现状分析

发布时间：2018-08-08 20:52

【摘要】：目的:比较中国东中西部新生儿听力筛查覆盖率与组织管理现状的差异,获得听力筛查在组织管理、网络建设、技术能力、筛查效果等方面的全国性数据,以探索有利于提高新生儿听力筛查率的有效策略。方法:用问卷调查法收集数据,通过机构自填的方式完成。关于组织管理方面的数据由省级相关管理部门提供,筛查、诊断和干预方面的数据由各实施机构提供,其他部分数据由省级管理部门向当地卫生局、统计局索取。结果:2010年间总共对约609万名新生儿进行了听力筛查。全国新生儿听力筛查率为39.9%,东中西部分别为75.0%、24.9%和16.2%。各地的新生儿听力筛查政策主要反映在出台相关管理文件和制定筛查率目标上;大部分省级新生儿听力筛查中心可以发挥统筹管理职能;东部地区所有省份均建立了信息报告制度;东部地区监督指导与质量控制工作开展较好,中部地区在质量控制方面仍然不足;西部地区大部分省份没有开展质量控制与监督指导工作。结论:初筛率与组织管理有较大关系,组织工作做得好的地区,听力筛查率也相对较高。提高组织管理水平是促进听力筛查工作开展的有效策略,中西部地区应尤其重视。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare the difference between the coverage rate of neonatal hearing screening and the present situation of organization management in east, west and west of China, and to obtain the national data of hearing screening in the aspects of organization management, network construction, technical ability, screening effect and so on. To explore effective strategies to improve the rate of neonatal hearing screening. Methods: data were collected by questionnaire and completed by self-filling. Data on organizational management are provided by relevant provincial authorities, data on screening, diagnosis and intervention are provided by implementing agencies, and other parts of data are requested by provincial authorities from local health bureaus and statistical offices. Results in all, about 6.09 million newborns were screened for hearing during 2010. The rate of neonatal hearing screening was 39.9% in the whole country, and 24.9% and 16.2% in the east, west and west, respectively. The policies of neonatal hearing screening are mainly reflected in the introduction of relevant management documents and the formulation of screening rate goals, most of the provincial neonatal hearing screening centers can play an overall management function. The information reporting system has been established in all provinces in the eastern region, the supervision, guidance and quality control work in the eastern region has been carried out well, and the quality control in the central region is still insufficient. Most provinces in the western region have not carried out quality control and supervision and guidance work. Conclusion: the primary screening rate is closely related to the organization management, and the hearing screening rate is relatively high in the areas where the organization is well done. Improving the level of organization and management is an effective strategy to promote the development of hearing screening, especially in the central and western regions.
【作者单位】：华西第二医院中国出生缺陷监测中心;四川大学华西公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R764

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