江苏省中小学生近视戴镜及用眼卫生状况调查

发布时间：2018-08-17 13:08

【摘要】：目的了解江苏省中小学生用眼卫生和近视戴镜状况,分析中小学生对近视戴镜的认知及影响近视戴镜的环境因素。方法在江苏省82个学校监测点中抽取9所小学和9所中学共18所学校,每一个年级抽取1~2个班级,共调查中小学生4 068人,采用"中小学生视力及用眼卫生调查问卷"进行调查。结果全省中小学生近视戴镜率为34.56%,城市明显高于农村,女生明显高于男生;中小学生近视戴镜的高峰年龄在10岁,70%以上学生戴眼镜在12岁前。中小学生读写距书本距离30cm只占1/5,小学生平均每天读写时间1~2h占20%,五、六年级小学生有10%3h。中小学生平均每天参加户外活动时间在1h以内占78%,30%左右的学生睡眠时间不足。结论预防及控制近视眼小学生是关键,切实减轻学生的各种学习负担,增加户外活动,减少近距离用眼是预防及控制近视眼发生和发展的重要举措。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the condition of eyeglasses used in primary and middle school students in Jiangsu province, and to analyze the cognition of myopic mirror and the environmental factors affecting myopic mirror wearing among primary and middle school students. Methods A total of 18 schools in 9 primary schools and 9 middle schools were selected from 82 school monitoring sites in Jiangsu Province, with 1 to 2 classes in each grade. A total of 4 068 students were investigated. The questionnaire on eyesight and eye hygiene of primary and middle school students was used. Results the incidence of myopia in primary and middle school students was 34.56. The incidence of myopia in cities was significantly higher than that in rural areas, and that of girls was significantly higher than that of boys, and the peak age of myopia in primary and middle school students was over 70% before the age of 12 years. The distance between primary and middle school students' reading and writing distance from book to book is only 1 / 5. The average daily reading and writing time of primary school students is 1h / 2h, and that of fifth and sixth grade pupils is 103hs. The students who participated in outdoor activities within 1 hour accounted for about 78% of the students' sleep time. Conclusion the prevention and control of myopia pupils is the key. It is an important measure to prevent and control the occurrence and development of myopia by reducing the burden of learning, increasing outdoor activities and reducing the use of short-range eyes.
【作者单位】：南京医科大学第一附属医院;江苏省妇幼保健院;东南大学公共卫生学院;南京市中小学卫生保健所;金陵儿童青少年视力保健中心;
【基金】：江苏省教育厅项目(2012-20)
【分类号】：R778.11

【参考文献】