鼻腔共鸣障碍儿童客观评估中的声学参数研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 10:38

【摘要】： 共鸣功能障碍是言语障碍的一种,它主要包括口腔共鸣障碍和鼻腔共鸣障碍两种类型,共鸣功能的评估也就包括口腔共鸣功能的评估和鼻腔共鸣功能的评估两个方面,本研究的重点是鼻腔共鸣功能的评估。目前,国内鼻腔共鸣功能的评估已经具备了一定的临床经验,主要包括主观评估和客观评估。在客观评估方面,主要采用的参数为鼻流量。鼻流量属于时域维度的参数,而共鸣属于频域范畴的声学特征,因此对于共鸣功能的评估,频域维度的参数更具说服力。本研究的重点是从频域维度(共振峰及其相关参数)研究能够用于鼻腔共鸣功能客观评估的声学参数。本研究首先利用语音信号处理技术,对口鼻通道分开录入的声音信号进行分析,提取出各个通道的声学特征参数。其次,根据参数的特点选取具有鉴别意义的语音材料,并收集3～5岁正常儿童和鼻音功能异常儿童的语料。然后,对录制的语音材料进行参数分析和实验研究,对不同类型的语音信号加以鉴别和区分。最后,对正常儿童和鼻音功能异常儿童进行对照分析,比较其差异。本研究主要分析的参数为鼻部第一共振峰及其带宽和口部第二共振峰。根据实验结果发现,鼻部第一共振峰和口部第二共振峰可以作为鉴别韵母中是否含有鼻音的参数；鼻部第一共振峰及其带宽可以作为鉴别声母是否为鼻音的参数。鼻腔共鸣功能客观评估的声学参数的研究,具有重要的临床意义。频域维度的声学参数能够更有效、更精确地反映声道共鸣功能；从而为获得更加准确的鼻腔共鸣功能评估结果提供了客观的数据支持,使康复训练方案的制订更加具有针对意义；同时还能够对康复训练的效果进行监控,从而选择更有效的训练方式。
[Abstract]:Resonance dysfunction is a kind of speech disorder. It mainly includes two types: oral resonance disorder and nasal resonance disorder. The evaluation of resonance function includes the evaluation of oral resonance function and the evaluation of nasal resonance function. The focus of this study is the assessment of nasal resonance function. At present, the evaluation of nasal resonance function in China has some clinical experience, including subjective assessment and objective evaluation. In objective evaluation, the main parameter used is nose flow. Nose flow belongs to the parameters of time domain and resonance belongs to the acoustic feature of frequency domain, so the parameter of frequency domain is more persuasive for the evaluation of resonance function. The focus of this study is to study the acoustic parameters that can be used to objectively evaluate the resonance function of nasal cavity from the frequency domain dimension (resonance peak and its related parameters). In this study, the acoustic characteristic parameters of each channel were extracted by analyzing the audio signals recorded separately from the mouth and nose channels by using the speech signal processing technology. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the parameters, the speech materials with distinguishing significance were selected, and the data of 35 years old normal children and children with abnormal nasal sound function were collected. Then, the parameter analysis and experimental study of recorded speech materials are carried out, and different types of speech signals are identified and distinguished. Finally, normal children and children with abnormal nasal sound function were compared and analyzed. The main parameters of this study are the nasal first resonance peak and its bandwidth and the second oral resonance peak. According to the experimental results, it is found that the nasal first resonance peak and the second oral resonance peak can be used as parameters to identify whether the vowels contain nasal sounds, and the first nasal resonance peak and its bandwidth can be used as parameters to identify whether the consonants are nasal sounds or not. The study of acoustic parameters for objective evaluation of nasal resonance function is of great clinical significance. The acoustic parameters in frequency domain can reflect the resonance function of the channel more effectively and accurately, thus providing objective data support for obtaining more accurate evaluation results of nasal resonance function. At the same time, it can monitor the effect of rehabilitation training and choose more effective training methods.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R765

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