乌鲁木齐市不同民族初中生近视影响因素调查

发布时间：2018-11-26 10:01

【摘要】：目的了解乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族、汉族初中生近视发生的影响因素,为制定预防近视的相关措施提供参考依据。方法应用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市初中生2 462名,进行视力检查和影响因素的问卷调查。结果在2 462名学生中,近视学生1 367名,总近视率为55.50%。维吾尔族初中生患病率为45.75%,汉族学生为70.78%,维吾尔族学生近视率低于汉族和其他民族学生(χ2=138.04,P0.01);汉族男生近视率为65.91%,女生为74.89%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.389,P0.01)。影响近视的因素分别为读写距离、是否喜欢眺望、每天看电视时间、每天玩计算机时间、一次性连续读写习惯时间、每天户外时间、不良用眼行为、做眼保健操、每周吃抓饭次数、喜欢吃的主食、每天睡眠时间(P值均0.01)。多因素Logistic回归显示:民族(OR=1.334)、读写距离(OR=2.441)、不良用眼行为(OR=1.657)、做眼保健操(OR=1.221)、一次性连续读写时间(OR=1.164)、每天玩计算机时间(OR=1.158)、是否喜欢眺望(OR=1.657)、每周吃抓饭次数(OR=0.702)、每天户外时间(OR=1.17)是近视的主要影响因素。结论乌鲁木齐市维、汉族初中生发生近视是多种因素综合作用的结果,与用眼习惯、生活方式、膳食结构等有关。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the influencing factors of myopia in Uygur and Han junior high school students in Urumqi, and to provide reference for the prevention of myopia. Methods A total of 2462 junior middle school students in Urumqi were selected by stratified cluster random sampling, and their visual acuity and influencing factors were investigated. Results among the 2 462 students, 1 367 were myopia students, the total myopia rate was 55.50. The prevalence rate of Uygur junior high school students was 45.75 and that of Han students was 70.78. The myopia rate of Uygur students was lower than that of Han and other ethnic groups (蠂 2 / 138.04 / P0.01). The myopia rate of Han male students was 65.91 and that of female students was 74.89.The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 = 8.389, P0.01). The factors that affect myopia are reading and writing distance, whether or not you like looking, watching TV every day, playing computer time every day, reading and writing habit time at one time, outdoor time every day, bad eye behavior, doing eye exercises. The number of meals per week, the staple food, the time of sleep every day (P = 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression showed: OR=1.334, OR=2.441, OR=1.657, OR=1.221, OR=1.164. OR=1.158, OR=1.657, OR=0.702 and OR=1.17 are the main factors affecting myopia. Conclusion myopia in Uygur and Han junior high school students in Urumqi is the result of multiple factors, which is related to eye habit, lifestyle and dietary structure.
【作者单位】：新疆医科大学公共卫生学院;乌鲁木齐市中小学卫生保健所;
【基金】：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研项目(XJEDU2012S22) 新疆医科大学创新基金项目(XJC2011120)
【分类号】：R778.11

【参考文献】