眼外肌生物力学特性及眼球运动模型可视化的研究

发布时间：2019-03-14 10:45

【摘要】：斜视是指两眼不能同时注视目标,使得视轴分离,属眼球运动障碍,原因之一是由眼外肌功能异常引起的。斜视手术可以通过加强或减弱眼外肌的力量,改变其解剖因素来达到矫正斜视的目的,眼球组织的三维运动建模有助于这类眼科疾病的诊断和治疗。眼外肌包括上直肌、下直肌、外直肌、内直肌、上斜肌、下斜肌六条肌肉,附着在眼球巩膜上,共同控制眼球的运动。作为眼部组织重要的组成部分,眼外肌的生物力学特性对建立眼球运动模型,定性定量分析斜视手术矫正效果,是不可或缺的重要部分。本文通过对离体猪眼外肌进行单向拉伸实验,检测眼外肌的被动力学行为,并以此为基础建立眼部组织的三维有限元模型,运用有限元软件分析眼外肌以及眼球转动角度的相关性,为临床斜视手术提供有力的理论依据和指导。主要工作内容和结论如下： 1.选取猪眼外肌为研究对象,从当地屠宰场获取新鲜的猪眼外直肌,在离体情况下对其进行单轴拉伸实验,检测猪眼外肌被动力学行为； 2.分别采用超弹性模型Mooney-Rivlin本构模型和Ogden本构模型拟合实验数据,分析眼外肌超弹性特性参数,并将其输入到数值建模软件ABAQUS中,建立相应的有限元模型,以验证超弹性模型对眼外肌被动力学行为描述的合理性。与实验结果进行对比,结果表明有限元模拟结果和实验结果无明显差异,说明超弹性本构模型能够很好地描述眼外肌的被动力学行为。 3.建立眼部组织的有限元模型,从眼球解剖学资料中获取眼球和眼外肌的相关几何参数,建立的眼部组织三维有限元模型能较好的反应眼球及其六条眼外肌之间的形态特点以及附着位置。将眼球视为线性材料,眼外肌采用上述猪眼外肌实验数据拟合的超弹性材料特性参数。对建立好的有限元模型施加载荷和位移,分析眼球运动和眼外肌受力之间的关系。模拟结果与临床实际在较大程度上相符。
[Abstract]:Strabismus is one of the reasons that two eyes can not look at the target at the same time, so that the visual axis is separated, which belongs to the disorder of eyeball movement, one of the reasons is the abnormal function of extraocular muscle. Strabismus surgery can correct strabismus by strengthening or weakening the strength of extraocular muscles and changing its anatomical factors. The modeling of three-dimensional movement of eyeball tissue is helpful to the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of ophthalmological diseases. The extraocular muscles include the superior rectus muscle, the inferior rectus muscle, the external rectus muscle, the internal rectus muscle, the superior oblique muscle and the inferior oblique muscle, which are attached to the sclera of the eyeball and control the movement of the eyeball together. As an important part of eye tissue, the biomechanical properties of extraocular muscle are indispensable to establish eye movement model and to analyze the correction effect of strabismus surgery qualitatively and quantitatively. A three-dimensional finite element model of eye tissue was established on the basis of unidirectional tension test of extraocular muscle in vitro, and the dynamic behavior of extraocular muscle was examined in this paper, based on which, a three-dimensional finite element model of eye tissue was established. The correlation between extraocular muscle and eye rotation angle was analyzed by finite element software, which provided a powerful theoretical basis and guidance for clinical strabismus surgery. The main contents and conclusions of the work are as follows: 1. Porcine extraocular rectus muscle was obtained from local abattoir and tested by uniaxial tensile test in vitro to detect the dynamic behavior of porcine extraocular muscle. 2. The hyperelastic model Mooney-Rivlin constitutive model and Ogden constitutive model are used to fit the experimental data. The hyperelastic parameters of the extraocular muscle are analyzed and input into the numerical modeling software ABAQUS to establish the corresponding finite element model. In order to verify the rationality of the hyperelastic model to describe the dynamic behavior of the extraocular muscles. Compared with the experimental results, the results show that there is no significant difference between the finite element simulation results and the experimental results, indicating that the hyperelastic constitutive model can well describe the dynamic behavior of extraocular muscles. 3. The finite element model of ocular tissue was established, and the geometric parameters of the eyeball and extraocular muscle were obtained from the anatomical data of the eyeball. The established three-dimensional finite element model of ocular tissue can better reflect the morphological characteristics and attachment position of the eyeball and its six extraocular muscles. The eyeball was regarded as linear material and the hyperelastic material parameters of extraocular muscle were fitted with the experimental data of pig extraocular muscle. Load and displacement are applied to the established finite element model, and the relationship between eye movement and force of extraocular muscle is analyzed. The simulated results were in good agreement with the clinical practice.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R779.6

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