功能化纳米粒子的合成及其在比色检测和手性分离中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-31 10:32

本文选题：金纳米粒子 + 二氧化硅纳米粒子　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米粒子系粒度在1~100nm的纳米颗粒，如金属纳米粒子、介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子和有机聚合物等。因为具有大的比表面积和独特的电子、光学、磁性和机械性质，纳米粒子被广泛应用于色谱分离、生物和化学制品的检测和分析等。经过表面修饰的纳米粒子具有特殊的性质，可用作毛细管电泳中的添加剂来改善色谱分离。本论文主要包括如下三章：第一章，综述了纳米结构材料用于液相色谱分离的研究进展以及电驱动手性拆分技术的应用；总结了金属纳米粒子在手性识别和分离领域中的应用现状。第二章，提出了在碱性水溶液条件下，无需加入其它还原剂，使用氯金酸与去甲万古霉素反应，一步合成稳定的、具有良好水溶性的金纳米粒子的新方法，得到的金纳米粒子使用透射电镜、紫外可见吸收光谱、动态光散射、傅里叶变换红外光谱和X-射线衍射等手段表征。通过控制反应时间和反应体系的pH，可以控制合成的金纳米粒子的粒径。实验结果表明合成的金纳米粒子表面具有稳定的去甲万古霉素层，因此合成的金纳米粒子可以长期稳定存在；去甲万古霉素在金纳米粒子的合成过程中同时作为还原剂和稳定剂。合成的金纳米粒子对酸度和盐度具有良好的耐受性。此外，，去甲万古霉素修饰的金纳米粒子还可用于常规的生物小分子半胱氨酸的检测。第三章，将双胺基修饰的二氧化硅纳米粒子（dASNPs）分散于运行缓冲液中作为准固定相，可以大大改善手性毛细管电泳系统的手性拆分效果。以两种常用的β-CD衍生物（CM-β-CD和HP-β-CD）作为手性选择剂，当运行缓冲液中加入dASNPs时，手性分离的效果可得到不同程度的改善，同时手性选择试剂的用量可降低1~2个数量级。由于CM-β-CD和dASNPs之间存在较强的相互作用，以CM-β-CD为手性选择剂时加入dASNPs后手性拆分效果的改善要明显优于以HP-β-CD为手性选择剂时的情况。通过Zeta电位、核磁共振等表征手段，结合电泳实验，讨论了纳米粒子在手性分离体系中的作用机制。
[Abstract]:Nanocrystalline particles in 1~100nm, such as metal nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and organic polymers. Because of its large specific surface area and unique electronic, optical, magnetic and mechanical properties, nanoparticles are widely used in chromatographic separation, detection and analysis of biological and chemical products. The surface modified nanoparticles have special properties and can be used as additives in capillary electrophoresis to improve chromatographic separation. This thesis mainly includes three chapters as follows: In the first chapter, the research progress of nanostructured materials for liquid chromatography separation and the application of electrically driven chiral resolution technology are reviewed, and the applications of metal nanoparticles in chiral recognition and separation are summarized. In the second chapter, a new method for the synthesis of stable gold nanoparticles with good water solubility without adding other reductants in alkaline aqueous solution is proposed, in which chloruronic acid reacts with norvancomycin. The gold nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectrum, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The particle size of the synthesized gold nanoparticles can be controlled by controlling the reaction time and the pH of the reaction system. The experimental results show that the gold nanoparticles have stable demethylvancomycin layer on the surface, so the gold nanoparticles can exist stably for a long time. Norvancomycin is used as both reductant and stabilizer in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. The synthesized gold nanoparticles have good tolerance to acidity and salinity. In addition, norvancomycin modified gold nanoparticles can be used for the detection of cysteine. In chapter 3, the chiral resolution of chiral capillary electrophoresis system can be greatly improved by dispersing diamine-modified silica nanoparticles in the running buffer as quasi-stationary phase. Using two kinds of 尾 -CD derivatives, CM- 尾 -CD and HP- 尾 -CD, as chiral selectors, the chiral separation effect can be improved in varying degrees when dASNPs is added into the running buffer, and the amount of chiral selective reagent can be reduced by 1 ~ 2 orders of magnitude. Because of the strong interaction between CM- 尾 -CD and dASNPs, the improvement of chiral resolution with CM- 尾 -CD as chiral selector is better than that with HP- 尾 -CD as chiral selector. The mechanism of action of nanoparticles in chiral separation system was discussed by means of Zeta potential, NMR and electrophoretic experiments.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R914

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