山东省居民对药品“零差价”政策的知晓情况和满意度调查

发布时间：2018-06-12 01:04

本文选题：药品“零差价”政策 + 知晓　；参考：《中国全科医学》2017年19期

【摘要】：目的了解山东省居民对药品"零差价"政策的知晓情况和满意度,旨在更全面地对药品"零差价"政策的实施效果进行评价。方法于2012年1月—2015年2月,采用方便抽样法,将山东省东、中、西部3个地区15个地级市的农村和城镇作为调查地区,选取在当地居住3年以上的成年居民为调查对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷进行调查。调查问卷的主要内容包括:居民的基本情况、居民对基本药物制度和药品"零差价"政策的知晓情况、居民就医行为的变化、居民对基本药物制度的态度和对药品"零差价"政策的满意度。共发放问卷280份,回收有效问卷269份,问卷的有效回收率为96.1%。结果居民对基本药物制度的知晓率为61.9%(166/268),对药品"零差价"政策的知晓率为49.4%(132/267)。不同学历、职业、个人年收入、参加医疗保险类别的居民对基本药物制度的知晓情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。药品"零差价"政策实施前、后买药地点比较,选择药店者分别占55.8%(150/269)、53.4%(143/268),原因为方便者分别占62.5%(168/269)、63.1%(169/268);药品"零差价"政策实施后,选择首诊地点为村卫生室者占53.0%(142/268)。86.1%(230/267)的居民认为基本药物种类基本能满足居民的用药需求,但有14.6%(39/267)、56.2%(150/267)的居民反映经常、偶尔遇到基层医疗卫生机构配不到药的情况。实施药品"零差价"前、后,认为药品费用为医疗费用中构成比最大项目的居民分别为42.4%(105/248)和21.9%(54/247),但认为总医疗费用降低者仅占32.2%(85/264)。在知晓药品"零差价"政策的132例居民中,分别有4.6%(6/132)、42.4%(56/132)对该政策很满意、比较满意。结论山东省居民对药品"零差价"政策的知晓度不高,知晓该政策的居民基本满意,但满意度仍有待进一步提高。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the awareness and satisfaction of the residents of Shandong Province on the policy of "zero price difference" of drugs, in order to evaluate the effect of the policy of "zero price difference" more comprehensively. Methods from January 2012 to February 2015, the rural and urban areas of 15 prefecture-level cities in three regions of east, middle and west of Shandong Province were selected as investigation areas. Adult residents who lived there for more than 3 years were selected as the objects of investigation. A self-designed questionnaire was used. The main contents of the questionnaire include: the basic situation of the residents, the residents' knowledge of the basic drug system and the "zero difference" policy of the drugs, the changes of the residents' behavior of seeking medical treatment, Residents' attitude towards the essential drug system and satisfaction with the zero-difference policy. A total of 280 questionnaires were sent out and 269 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery rate of the questionnaires was 96. 1%. Results the awareness rate of the residents about the basic drug system was 61.9 / 2680.The awareness rate of the "zero price difference" policy was 49.4132.267%. There were significant differences in the knowledge of the basic drug system among the residents with different educational background, occupation, personal income, and medical insurance category (P 0.05). Before the implementation of the "zero price difference" policy, after the drug purchase site was compared, those who chose the drug store accounted for 55.8% of the total number of people who chose the drug store, respectively. The reason was that the number of those who were convenient accounted for 62.5% / 268% 26.9% 26.8% respectively. After the implementation of the "zero price difference" policy, the drug price difference policy was put into effect. The reason was that the number of the convenient people was 62.5 / 268 / 2691 / 2680.After the implementation of the "zero price difference" policy, The residents who chose the first clinic as the village health office accounted for 53.0% 142.268% .86.1% of the total number of residents who thought that the kinds of essential drugs could basically meet the needs of the residents, but there were 14.639% / 267% of the residents who reported that they often met the situation that the primary medical and health institutions did not get the medicine. Before and after the implementation of the "zero difference" of drugs, the residents who thought that the cost of drugs was the largest item in the medical expenses were 42.4% 105% 248) and 21.9m / 247m respectively, but only 32.2% 85 / 264% of the patients thought that the total medical expenses were lower. Of the 132 residents who knew the policy of "zero price difference", 4.66% of them were satisfied with the policy, and 42.4% of them were satisfied with the policy. Conclusion the residents of Shandong Province are not well aware of the "zero difference" policy, and the residents who know the policy are satisfied, but their satisfaction still needs to be further improved.
【作者单位】：泰山医学院管理学院;山东省德州市临邑县人民医院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(13YJA630115) 山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2011HZ106)
【分类号】：R95

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