褐藻酸—碘复合物的制备和稳定性及其动物补碘效应的初步研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 11:45

本文选题：碘 + 海带　；参考：《青岛大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：碘是人体必需的一种微量元素,是合成甲状腺激素的重要原料,对人类健康影响甚大。缺碘会对人体新陈代谢和生长发育造成一系列的危害,因而引起的疾病统称为碘缺乏病。碘缺乏病是困扰包括我国在内的世界上许多国家的公共卫生问题之一,而近几年来普遍使用的食盐加碘无机补碘方式暴露出了越来越多的弊端,寻求更安全健康有效的补碘方式成为生命科学关注的重点之一。海带(Laminaria japonica Aresch),亦称昆布,是褐藻门海带目海带科海带属的一种大型食用海藻,营养丰富,除了含有多糖、蛋白质、维生素等多种营养物质外,碘含量尤为丰富,是我国碘提取的重要原料。但已有许多研究结果证实海带中的碘在储存和加工等工艺过程中极易流失,造成极大的资源浪费,其补碘效果也大大减低。为了制备以海带组分为原料的稳定复合碘,本研究开展了四个方面实验,结果如下： (一)海带中不同化学态碘的含量分析：海带实验样品中的平均总碘含量达0.12%(海带鲜重),且其中91.9%的碘为水溶性碘。水溶性碘中主要以I-的形式存在,占总碘量的87.1%,I03-形式的碘含量较少,占总碘量的4.4%；有机碘仅占总碘量的8.5%,其中主要是不溶性有机碘,占总碘量的8.1%,水溶性有机碘的含量极少,仅占总碘量的0.4%。该结果证明,海带虽然含有非常丰富的碘,但其绝大部分为易于流失的水溶性碘。 (二)褐藻酸-碘复合物的制备：分别制备了褐藻酸-碘复合物和乙酰化褐藻酸-碘复合物的系列样品,复合物一般在590m有最大吸收峰；由实验结果可知,褐藻酸自身具有一定的吸附碘的能力,将海藻酸乙酰化后其与碘结合的能力增强,乙酰化-褐藻酸-碘复合物系列样品的碘含量明显高于褐藻酸-碘复合物系列样品,而且乙酰化程度的不同也影响海藻酸与碘结合的能力。 (三)褐藻酸-碘复合物的稳定性研究：分别对褐藻酸-碘复合物和乙酰化褐藻酸-碘复合物的系列样品的稳定性进行分析,探讨不同条件下制得的含碘复合物的稳定性,并运用食盐加碘方式利用产物制备含碘食盐和进行稳定性研究。由实验结果可知乙酰化的褐藻酸-碘复合物稳定性高于未乙酰化褐藻酸-碘复合物,由此制备的含碘食盐也比普通的无机含碘食盐稳定性好。 (四)褐藻酸-碘复合物碘盐的补碘效应：通过建立缺碘小鼠模型,研究了以乙酰化-褐藻酸-碘复合物(Acetylated-alginate-I2)制备的碘盐的补碘效应。结果表明,乙酰化-褐藻酸-碘复合物(Acetylated-alginate-I2)碘盐的补碘效果优于无机补碘剂KI和KIO3的碘盐的补碘效果。因此,有必要对乙酰化-褐藻酸-碘复合物(Acetylated-alginate-I2)作为一种优良的补碘剂进一步研发,以期获得较稳定且安全的补碘产品。
[Abstract]:Iodine is an essential trace element and an important raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormone, which has a great impact on human health. Iodine deficiency can cause a series of harm to metabolism, growth and development of human body, so the diseases caused by iodine deficiency disorders are called iodine deficiency disorders. Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) is one of the public health problems in many countries in the world, including our country. However, in recent years, the commonly used iodized inorganic iodine supplementation of salt has exposed more and more disadvantages. Seeking a more safe, healthy and effective way of iodine supplementation has become one of the key issues in life science. Laminaria japonica Areschus, also known as laminaria, is a large edible seaweed of the family Laminaria, which is rich in nutrients, in addition to polysaccharides, proteins, vitamins and other nutrients, iodine content is particularly rich. It is an important raw material for iodine extraction in China. However, many studies have proved that iodine in kelp is easy to be lost in storage and processing, resulting in a great waste of resources, and the effect of iodine supplementation is greatly reduced. In order to prepare stable complex iodine from kelp as raw material, four experiments were carried out in this study. The results are as follows: (1) Analysis of iodine content in different chemical states in kelp: the average total iodine content in kelp experimental samples is 0.12 (fresh weight of kelp, 91.9% of which is water-soluble iodine). The water soluble iodine mainly exists in the form of I-, which accounts for 87.1% of the total iodine and accounts for 4.4% of the total iodine, and organic iodine only accounts for 8.5% of the total iodine, mainly insoluble organic iodine, accounting for 8.1% of the total iodine, and the content of water-soluble organic iodine is very little. Only 0.4% of the total iodine content. The results show that although kelp contains a lot of iodine, most of it is water-soluble iodine which is easy to be lost. (2) preparation of alginic acid-iodine complex: a series of samples of alginic acid-iodine complex and acetylalginic acid-iodine complex were prepared respectively. The complexes generally have the maximum absorption peak at 590m. Alginic acid has a certain ability to adsorb iodine. After acetylation of alginate, its ability to bind to iodine is enhanced. The iodine content of the series of acetylated alginic acid-iodine complex samples is obviously higher than that of alginic acid-iodine complex series samples. The degree of acetylation also affects the ability of alginic acid to bind to iodine. (3) study on the stability of alginic acid-iodine complex: the stability of the series of samples of alginic acid-iodine complex and acetylalginic acid-iodine complex were analyzed, and the stability of the iodized complex prepared under different conditions was discussed. The iodized salt was prepared by iodized salt and its stability was studied. The results show that the stability of acetylated alginic acid-iodine complex is higher than that of non-acetylalginic acid-iodine complex, and the stability of iodized salt is better than that of inorganic iodized salt. (4) iodine supplementation effect of alginic acid-iodine complex iodized salt: the iodine supplementation effect of iodized salt prepared by acetylated-alginate-I _ 2 was studied in mice model of iodine deficiency. The results showed that the iodine supplement effect of acetylated alginate-iodine complex Acetylated-alginate-I2 was better than that of inorganic iodine supplements Ki and KIO3 iodized salt. Therefore, it is necessary to further develop Acetylated-alginate-I2 (acetylated alginate-iodine complex) as an excellent iodine supplementation agent in order to obtain a stable and safe iodine supplement product.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R914;O657.7

【参考文献】