中国药品定价和补偿政策及其效果

发布时间：2018-11-04 21:43

【摘要】：背景:近年来,中国药物政策存在着药品费用快速增长,以及质量、定价和提供能力等方面的问题,其解决的关键在于理清其中的定价和补偿问题。方法:本文较为系统收集了药物领域的学术文献和灰色文献,以及中国政府的官方统计数据,并结合中国国务院发展研究中心举办的研讨会信息,概述了中国的药品定价和补偿情况。结果:通过一个融合了供应方、代理方和需求方多方政策的框架,分析了定价与补偿政策。在目前药品政策的相互影响下,出现了药品价格高、质量低、不合理开药等问题。分立的监管环境也不利于药品政策的改革。结论:提高药品质量标准、市场集中度、政府补贴,以质量为导向的招标、扩大零差率政策的实施范围、建立补偿与合理开药的联动机制以及促进卫生技术评估与比较效能研究来改善定价和补偿政策。另外,整合广泛的监管分立体制、改善透明度和打击腐败等问题将有助于确保制定出具有一致性的、循证的政策。
[Abstract]:Background: in recent years, China's drug policy has a rapid growth in drug costs, as well as quality, pricing and supply capacity, and the key to solve the problem is to clear up the pricing and compensation. Methods: this paper systematically collected the academic literature and grey literature in the field of drugs, as well as the official statistics of the Chinese government, and combined with the information of the seminar organized by the Development Research Center of the State Council of China. The drug pricing and compensation in China are summarized. Results: pricing and compensation policies were analyzed through a framework of supply-side, agent and demand-side policies. Under the mutual influence of the current drug policy, there are many problems such as high price, low quality and unreasonable prescription. A separate regulatory environment is also not conducive to drug policy reform. Conclusion: improve drug quality standards, market concentration, government subsidies, quality-oriented bidding, and expand the implementation of zero-margin policy. To improve the pricing and compensation policy, we should establish the linkage mechanism of compensation and rational prescription, and promote the evaluation of health technology and the research of comparative effectiveness. In addition, integrating a broad regulatory separation system, improving transparency and combating corruption will help ensure consistent, evidence-based policies.
【作者单位】：英国伦敦政治经济学院;
【分类号】：R95

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