快速起效抗抑郁药物研究进展

发布时间：2019-05-22 21:29

【摘要】：临床起效缓慢是目前抗抑郁药物治疗的明显不足,因此迫切需要快速起效抗抑郁药物。基于已报道抗抑郁药物作用特点,根据起效时间分为快、中、慢速三类:快速特指数小时内起效,如NMDA受体拮抗剂;中速特指7 d内起效,包括乙酰胆碱M受体拮抗剂、5-HT_(2c)受体拮抗剂、5-HT_4受体激动剂、5-HT_7受体拮抗剂、ATP和乙酰左旋肉毒碱等;慢速特指14 d以上起效,包括传统单胺转运体抑制剂和单胺氧化酶抑制剂。根据抗抑郁药物作用机制,提出了抗抑郁行为改变的启动扳机假说解释药物起效快慢现象。快速起效抗抑郁药物研究拓展了单胺类神经递质系统为靶点的传统框架,为研发抗抑郁新药和揭示抑郁症病理生理机制提供了重要参考。
[Abstract]:The slow clinical effect is the obvious shortage of antidepressant treatment at present, so there is an urgent need for rapid antidepressant treatment. According to the characteristics of reported antidepressants, they can be divided into three categories according to the onset time: fast, medium and slow: rapid and specific within hours, such as NMDA receptor antagonists; 5-HT_4 receptor antagonists, 5-HT_4 receptor agonists, 5-HT_7 receptor antagonists, ATP and acetylL-carnitine were effective within 7 days, including acetylcholine M receptor antagonists, 5 / T _ (2c) receptor antagonists, HT2c receptor agonists, HT2c receptor antagonists, acetylL-carnitine and so on. Slow speed refers to the onset of more than 14 days, including traditional monoamine transporter inhibitors and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. According to the mechanism of antidepressant action, the trigger hypothesis of antidepressant behavior change was put forward to explain the rapid and slow effect of antidepressant. The study of rapid antidepressants has expanded the traditional framework of monoamine neurotransmitter system, which provides an important reference for the development of new antidepressant drugs and the disclosure of pathophysiological mechanism of depression.
【作者单位】：天津中医药大学天津市现代中药重点实验室;天津国际生物医药联合研究院中药新药研发中心;
【基金】：国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2012ZX09304007,2013ZX09201020) 科技部国家国际合作专项(2013DFA31620) 天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划项目(12JCYBJC32400)
【分类号】：R96

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