2012—2014年太原市出生缺陷空间特征研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 08:43

本文关键词：2012—2014年太原市出生缺陷空间特征研究　出处：《环境与健康杂志》2016年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探讨太原市2012—2014年出生缺陷发生率的空间分布特征,为出生缺陷的有效预防和干预提供科学依据。方法建立街道、乡镇尺度的太原市2012—2014年出生缺陷数据库,利用Arc GIS软件,对全市的出生缺陷作空间分布格局的可视化分析;基于热点分析,探讨太原市出生缺陷发生的空间集聚性和热点区和冷点区。结果太原市出生缺陷发生较多的地区为人口密度较大的中心城区,郊区县出生缺陷发生相对较多的只集中在县城街道,人口稀疏的乡镇出生缺陷发生数量较少。出生缺陷率最高的乡镇、街道主要分布在郊区的古交市和阳曲县,城区的乡镇、街道出生缺陷率相对较低。南部的清徐县出生缺陷率相对较低。中心城区的出生缺陷率的空间差异较小,而郊区县市出生缺陷率的空间差异较大。热点分析结果表明,阳曲县东北部具有相对较明显的出生缺陷热点区(Z1.96,P0.05),娄烦县东北部有较为明显的冷点区(Z-1.96,P0.05)。结论太原市2012—2014年出生缺陷率整体而言郊区高于市区,存在明显的出生缺陷高发热点区和低发冷点区,应针对不同区域制定相应的预防控制措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the spatial distribution of birth defects in Taiyuan from 2012 to 2014, and to provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and intervention of birth defects. Methods the streets, township scale established in Taiyuan in 2012 - 2014 birth defect database, using Arc GIS software, analyzed the spatial distribution pattern of visualization of birth defects in the city; based on the analysis of hot spot, Taiyuan city on the occurrence of birth defects of the spatial agglomeration and hot and cold area. Results the areas with birth defects in Taiyuan were mostly populated urban centers. The incidence of birth defects in the suburbs was relatively high, which only concentrated in the county streets. The number of birth defects in the sparsely populated towns was relatively small. The villages and towns with the highest birth defect rate are mainly distributed in Gujiao and Yangqu counties in the suburbs, and the rate of birth defects in the towns and streets of the urban areas is relatively low. The rate of birth defects in the southern Qingxu county is relatively low. The spatial difference of birth defect rate in the central urban area is small, but the spatial difference of birth defect rate in the suburb and county city is large. The hot spot analysis shows that the northeast area of Yangqu has relatively obvious hot spots of birth defects (Z1.96, P0.05), and there are more obvious cold spots in Northeast Loufan county (Z-1.96, P0.05). Conclusion the birth defect rate in Taiyuan from 2012 to 2014 is generally higher than that in the urban area. There are obvious birth defects, hot spots and low chilling areas. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be made for different regions.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;
【基金】：中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所青年科学基金资助项目(201601);中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所环境健康发展项目国家自然科学基金(21277135,91543111) “万人计划”青年拔尖人才项目
【分类号】：R174
【正文快照】： 出生缺陷又称先天缺陷,是指由于先天性、遗传性和不良环境等原因引起的出生时存在的各种结构性畸形和功能性异常的总称。出生缺陷是导致流产、死胎、死产、新生儿死亡和婴儿夭折的重要原因,也是导致儿童和成人残疾的主要原因[1]。根据《中国出生缺陷防治报告(2012)》,目前我国

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