保山市农村中小学生营养状况分析

发布时间：2018-01-21 04:59

本文关键词： 农村人口营养状况饮食习惯学生　出处：《中国学校卫生》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解保山市农村中小学生营养状况及学校膳食营养素供给情况,为制定相关营养改善策略提供数据支持。方法对2016年保山市5个试点县开展常规监测,根据学校采取的企业供餐、食堂供餐2种供餐模式,各随机抽取10%的小学和初中学校,共抽取学生25 586名。测量学生身高和体重,计算学校食堂供应的食物量、能量及膳食营养素。结果男生所有年龄组身高、体重均值均低于全国标准值,女生除6岁年龄组外,7~16岁年龄段身高、体重均值均低于标准值。男生随年龄增长,身高均值与标准值差值增大,10~16岁各年龄组体重均值与标准值差值大;女生11~16岁各年龄组体重均值与标准值差值大。男、女生生长迟缓率、中重度消瘦率、轻度消瘦率分别为2.3%,1.9%;7.7%,7.8%;7.2%,5.9%;男、女生超重率、肥胖率分别为9.8%,8.8%;6.0%,5.9%。食堂主要食物供应除粮谷类、畜禽肉类,主要营养素供给除能量、蛋白质、维生素C外,其余均未达到推荐量的80%。结论保山市农村中小学生存在营养不良和超重肥胖并存,学校膳食供给不合理等问题。应同时注重营养不良改善、超重肥胖干预和膳食营养健康教育。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Baoshan City and the supply of dietary nutrients in schools. Methods routine monitoring was carried out in 5 pilot counties in Baoshan City in 2016. According to the two modes of feeding in enterprises and canteens adopted by the school. A total of 25 586 students were randomly selected from 10% primary and junior high schools. The height and weight of the students were measured and the amount of food supplied in the school canteen was calculated. Results the mean height and weight of all age groups were lower than the national standard. The average body weight is lower than the standard value. The difference between the height mean and the standard value increases with the increase of age, and the difference between the body weight mean and the standard value in every age group of 1016 years old is large. The difference between average weight and standard value of 1116 years old girls was great. The growth retardation rate, moderate and severe emaciation rate and slight wasting rate were 2.3% and 1.9% respectively for boys and girls. 7.7and 7.8. 7.2and 5.9; The overweight rate and obesity rate of male and female were 9.8% and 8.8% respectively. The main food supply in the canteen is in addition to cereals, livestock and poultry meat, and the main nutrients in addition to energy, protein and vitamin C. Conclusion the survival of primary and secondary schools in Baoshan rural areas exists in the coexistence of malnutrition, overweight and obesity, unreasonable dietary supply, and so on. At the same time, attention should be paid to the improvement of malnutrition. Overweight and obesity intervention and dietary nutrition health education.
【作者单位】：云南省保山市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R153.2
【正文快照】： 中小学时期儿童所需的营养不仅要维持生命活动和生活与劳动,还要满足生长发育的需要。我国儿童营养状况亟待改善,农村地区儿童低体重率和生长迟缓率约为城市地区的3~4倍,而贫困地区农村又为一般农村的2倍[1]。《中国儿童发展纲要(2011—2020年)》[2]《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(20

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