0～3月龄不同喂养方式对婴儿期体格发育的影响

发布时间：2018-01-21 17:49

本文关键词： 喂养方式生长发育 Z评分超重　出处：《华中科技大学学报(医学版)》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探讨不同的喂养方式对婴儿生长发育的影响。方法选取武汉市某区1 099名婴儿,在新生儿期、3月龄、6月龄和12月龄分别测量体重和身长,并对其喂养情况进行问卷调查。采用WHO Anthro软件计算年龄别体重的Z评分(WAZ)、年龄别身长的Z评分(LAZ)、身长别体重的Z评分(WLZ)和年龄别体质量指数的Z评分(BAZ)。结果该研究中新生儿期纯母乳喂养率30.6%;3月龄纯母乳喂养率55.5%;0~3月龄一直纯母乳喂养率25.2%。6月龄纯母乳喂养率16.6%。6月龄前添加辅食占62.4%。婴儿身长和体重至3月龄后均高于WHO参考值。与WHO的正态分布曲线比较,该研究中婴儿的WLZ至3月龄以后中位数大于WHO参考值,曲线右移。WAZ、LAZ、WLZ、BAZ、高体重率和超重率均随着月龄的增大而增加。3月龄、6月龄、12月龄高体重率分别占27.3%、30.2%、28.8%;超重率分别占6.9%、10.5%、6.6%。新生儿期、3月龄及0~3月龄一直采用人工喂养和混合喂养的婴儿,至6月龄和12月龄时体格发育高于纯母乳喂养的婴儿。3月龄非纯母乳喂养组,至6月龄和12月龄时高体重率显著高于纯母乳喂养组(P0.05)。0~3月龄一直非纯母乳喂养组,至6月龄时高体重率显著高于纯母乳喂养组(P0.05),至12月龄时,超重率也高于纯母乳喂养组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果表明,3月龄时采用混合喂养为6月龄(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.00~1.81)与12月龄(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.06~1.92)时高体重发生的危险因素。结论纯母乳喂养有利于婴儿的正常生长发育,早期坚持纯母乳喂养有利于预防婴儿晚期发生超重。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the effects of different feeding methods on the growth and development of infants. Methods in a district of Wuhan city of 1099 infants in the neonatal period, March June and December at the age of age, weight and height were measured by age, and the questionnaire survey of feeding. Calculation of age weight Z score using WHO Anthro software (WAZ), age Z score (LAZ), the length of the length weight Z score (WLZ) and Z score of weight for age index (BAZ). The results of this study in the neonatal period of exclusive breastfeeding rate of 30.6%; in March at the age of pure breastfeeding rate of 55.5%; 0~3 months a breast-feeding rate 25.2%.6 months the age of pure breastfeeding rate of 16.6%.6 months before feeding babies accounted for 62.4%. of height and weight to March after age were higher than the reference value of WHO and WHO. The normal distribution curve, infants in the study WLZ until March at the age of WHO is greater than the median reference value, curve right.WAZ, LAZ, WLZ, B AZ, high weight rate and overweight rate were increased with age and increased.3 months, June age, December age high weight rate accounted for 27.3%, 30.2%, 28.8%; the rate of overweight was 6.9%, 10.5%, 6.6%. in neonatal period, March 0~3 month old age and has been using artificial feeding and mixed fed infants to June, December at the age of age and physical development is higher than that of the pure breastfeeding infants.3 months non breastfeeding group, from June to December at the age of age and high birth weight was significantly higher than that of pure breast feeding group (P0.05).0~3 months has been non breastfeeding group, and in June at the age of high birth weight were significantly higher than pure breast feeding group (P0.05), to December age, overweight rate is higher than that of pure breast feeding group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that in March at the age of using mixed feeding for June age (OR=1.35,95%CI:1.00~1.81) and December (OR= 1.43,95%CI:1.06~1.92) at the age of high weight occurred Conclusion pure breastfeeding is beneficial to the normal growth and development of infants, and the early persistence of pure breastfeeding is beneficial to prevent the infant from being overweight in the late stage.

【作者单位】：华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系食品营养与安全湖北省重点实验室;武汉市江岸区妇幼保健院;武汉市江岸区疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：科技部基础性工作专项资助(No.2013FY114200)
【分类号】：R174
【正文快照】： *科技部基础性工作专项资助(No.2013FY114200)母乳是婴儿生长发育最理想的食物,母乳不仅各种营养成分丰富,易于消化吸收,还含有各种免疫因子及生长因子,能提高婴幼儿免疫力,并且母乳的能量和营养素与婴儿的需要相适应,能降低婴幼儿发生肥胖的风险[1]。WHO推荐对0~6月龄婴儿进

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