通用版工作倦怠量表的编制及信效度研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 10:29

本文关键词： 疲劳工作因素分析统计学信度效度　出处：《中国全科医学》2017年33期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的编制通用版工作倦怠量表,并检测其信效度。方法根据文献研究,以已有相关量表为基础,结合开放性问卷调查和半结构式访谈所获资料,建立通用版工作倦怠量表内容框架和条目池,采用"出声思维"法等修改、删除、合并条目,最终形成初始通用版工作倦怠量表。2013年1—2月,采用整群抽样法选取广州、厦门、泉州市企、事业单位员工450名为调查对象,采用一般资料问卷、初始通用版工作倦怠量表、中文版Maslach倦怠量表通用版(MBI-GS)对其进行调查。共发放问卷450份,回收有效问卷406份,有效回收率为90.2%。采用简单随机抽样法将调查对象分为A组(300名)和B组(106名),分别用于构建通用版工作倦怠量表及其信效度检验。采用简单随机抽样法从B组中选取50名企、事业单位员工,于7~10 d后采用初始通用版工作倦怠量表进行重测。通过项目分析、同质性检验和探索性因子分析(EFA)对条目进行筛选,进而形成通用版工作倦怠量表。结果通过项目分析、同质性检验、EFA,最终形成通用版工作倦怠量表,其包括情绪耗竭(包括7个条目)、躯体不适(包括8个条目)、身心疲惫感(包括5个条目)、认知行为效率下降(包括4个条目)4个维度、24个条目,累积贡献率为60.58%。通用版工作倦怠量表及其各维度的项目间平均相关系数(Miic)为0.41~0.52,Cronbach'sα系数为0.79~0.94,分半信度系数为0.71~0.92,重测信度系数为0.93~0.98。验证性因子分析(CFA)结果显示,χ2/df=1.76,RMSEA=0.08,RMR=0.05,NFI=0.77,TLI=0.86,IFI=0.88,CFI=0.88。中文版MBI-GS情感耗竭维度得分与通用版工作倦怠量表各维度得分及其总分的相关系数为0.42~0.60(P0.001);中文版MBI-GS玩世不恭维度得分与通用版工作倦怠量表各维度得分及其总分的相关系数为0.46~0.66(P0.001);中文版MBI-GS成就感低落维度得分与通用版工作倦怠量表情绪耗竭、躯体不适、身心疲惫感维度得分及其总分的相关系数为0.25~0.34(P0.001);中文版MBI-GS总分与通用版工作倦怠量表各维度得分及其总分的相关系数为0.45~0.65(P0.001)。结论本研究编制的通用版工作倦怠量表,包括情绪耗竭、躯体不适、身心疲惫感、认知行为效率下降4个维度及24个条目,具有较好的信度及效度。
[Abstract]:Objective to develop a generic version of job burnout scale, and test its reliability and validity. According to the method of literature research, based on the existing related scale as the basis, combined with the open questionnaire and semi-structured interviews conducted, a generic version of MBI content framework and item pool, using "think aloud" method to modify, delete, merge entries, and ultimately the formation of the initial version of universal MBI.2013 years from 1 to February, from Guangzhou, using the cluster sampling method in Xiamen, Quanzhou enterprises and institutions, 450 employees as the research object, using the general information questionnaire, the initial version of the general job burnout scale, Chinese version of Maslach burnout inventory the generic version (MBI-GS) were investigated. A total of 450 questionnaires, 406 valid questionnaires, the effective recovery rate was 90.2%. by using simple random sampling survey will be divided into A group (300) and B group (106), were used to construct the generic version of the work Burnout scale and its reliability and validity. A total of 50 enterprises from the B group by simple random sampling method, business unit staff, in 7~10 d after the initial version of the general job burnout scale were re tested. Through the project analysis, exploratory factor analysis and homogeneity test (EFA) for entry into the screen, and the formation of the generic version of job burnout scale. Results through the project analysis, homogeneity test, EFA, eventually form a generic version of job burnout scale, including emotional exhaustion (including 7 items), physical discomfort (including 8 items), physical and mental fatigue (including 5 items), decreased efficiency (including 4 cognitive behavior items) of 4 dimensions, 24 items, the average correlation coefficient of the cumulative contribution rate of the project for the 60.58%. generic version of job burnout scale and each dimension between the (Miic) 0.41~0.52, Cronbach's coefficient is 0.79~0.94, the split half reliability coefficient was 0.71~0.92, the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0 Confirmatory factor analysis of.93~0.98. (CFA) showed that x 2/df=1.76, RMSEA=0.08, RMR=0.05, NFI=0.77, TLI=0.86, IFI=0.88, correlation coefficient CFI=0.88. Chinese version MBI-GS emotional exhaustion dimension scores and the generic version of job burnout scale scores and the total score of 0.42~ 0.60 (P0.001); the correlation coefficient Chinese scores and general cynical version of MBI-GS version of job burnout scores and total score of 0.46~0.66 (P0.001); Chinese version of MBI-GS low sense of achievement scores and general job burnout scale for emotional exhaustion, physical discomfort, physical and mental fatigue score correlation coefficient and the total score of 0.25~0.34 (P0.001); the correlation coefficient between the scores of MBI-GS and Chinese version of the generic version job burnout scores and total score of 0.45~0.65 (P0.001). Conclusion the establishment of the general version of the job burnout scale, including emotional exhaustion, physical Fitness, physical and mental fatigue, cognitive behavior efficiency decreased 4 dimensions and 24 items, with good reliability and validity.

【作者单位】：广东省人民医院广东省医学科学院广东省精神卫生中心;
【基金】：广东省科技计划项目(2007B031512006)
【分类号】：R13
【正文快照】： 1974年美国临床心理学家FREUDENBERGER[1]将“倦怠”一词运用在心理健康领域,并将工作倦怠定义为“助人行业中,员工因工作强度过高、工作时间过长,并且无视个人需要,所引起的疲惫不堪的状态,也是过分努力去达到个人或社会的不切实际的期望的结果”。MASLACH和JACKSON认为,工作

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