北京市西城区某小学突破性水痘暴发疫情调查

发布时间：2018-01-28 02:03

  本文关键词： 水痘 疾病暴发流行 疫苗 学生保健服务　出处：《中国学校卫生》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解某学校一起突破性水痘暴发情况,为探讨水痘减毒活疫苗保护效率和控制疫情提供参考。方法收集暴发疫情全部病例,对疫苗接种史和患病史进行回顾,计算罹患率并分析疫苗有效率。结果全部184名学生中,累计发生水痘11例(突破病例10例),无并发症及死亡,总体罹患率6.3%,水痘疫苗总覆盖率95.4%;1剂次和2剂次水痘减毒活疫苗接种者罹患率分别为9.0%和0,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.927,P=0.012);免疫史≥3年儿童出现突破病例是3年儿童的7.62倍(95%CI=0.943~61.617)。结论水痘减毒活疫苗高覆盖率可降低发病率并防止重症水痘,但接种时间≥3年后保护性降低,可能出现突破性病例。应提高2剂次接种率,并适当扩大应急接种范围。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the situation of a breakthrough outbreak of chickenpox in a school, and to provide a reference for exploring the protection efficiency of live attenuated varicella vaccine and controlling the epidemic situation. Methods all cases of the outbreak were collected. The history of vaccination and the history of disease were reviewed, the attack rate was calculated and the effective rate of vaccine was analyzed. Results among the 184 students, there were 11 cases of chickenpox (10 cases of breakthrough, no complication and death). The overall attack rate was 6.3 and the total coverage rate of varicella vaccine was 95.4; The attack rates of 1 dose and 2 doses of live attenuated varicella vaccine were 9.0% and 0 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 = 8.927). The number of breakthrough cases in children with immunization history 鈮，

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